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EUとの関係",[11,1340,1341],{},[14,1342,1343],{},"いずれもEUには非加盟",[307,1345,1347],{"id":1346},"eea欧州経済領域","EEA（欧州経済領域）",[11,1349,1350,1357,1362],{},[14,1351,1352,336,1354,1356],{},[236,1353,1321],{"href":1320},[236,1355,1331],{"href":1330},"，リヒテンシュタインが参加",[14,1358,1359,1361],{},[236,1360,459],{"href":238},"非加盟のままその巨大市場に参加",[14,1363,1364,1366],{},[236,1365,542],{"href":723},"はEEA不参加も，個別の協定で対応",[307,1368,1370],{"id":1369},"euとeftaの違い","EUとEFTAの違い",[1372,1373,1374,1390],"table",{},[1375,1376,1377],"thead",{},[1378,1379,1380,1385,1388],"tr",{},[1381,1382,1384],"th",{"align":1383},"right","項目",[1381,1386,636],{"align":1387},"center",[1381,1389,459],{"align":1387},[1391,1392,1393,1405,1416],"tbody",{},[1378,1394,1395,1399,1402],{},[1396,1397,1398],"td",{"align":1383},"超国家的な権力",[1396,1400,1401],{"align":1387},"なし（各国の主権）",[1396,1403,1404],{"align":1387},"あり（EU全体の法律）",[1378,1406,1407,1410,1413],{},[1396,1408,1409],{"align":1383},"共通の通貨",[1396,1411,1412],{"align":1387},"なし（クローネ，フランなど）",[1396,1414,1415],{"align":1387},"あり（ユーロ）",[1378,1417,1418,1421,1424],{},[1396,1419,1420],{"align":1383},"共通の外交政策",[1396,1422,1423],{"align":1387},"なし",[1396,1425,1426],{"align":1387},"あり（EU全体で一括）",[307,1428,1430],{"id":1429},"euに加盟しない理由","EUに加盟しない理由",[11,1432,1433,1441],{},[14,1434,1435,1436,336,1438,1440],{},"漁業の権利を守るため（",[236,1437,1321],{"href":1320},[236,1439,1331],{"href":1330},"）",[14,1442,1443,1444,1440],{},"中立政策を守るため（",[236,1445,542],{"href":723},[51,1447,1449],{"id":1448},"_3-来歴","3. 来歴",[11,1451,1452,1465,1502,1515,1521,1529,1538,1548],{},[14,1453,1454,1455,1459,1460],{},"EEC設立に対抗するため，",[236,1456,1458],{"href":1457},"\u002Fcontent\u002Fgb","イギリス","が提唱\n",[11,1461,1462],{},[14,1463,1464],{},"主権は制限しないまま，経済の自由化のみ目指す",[14,1466,1467,1468],{},"［1960年］EFTA設立\n",[11,1469,1470,1474,1478,1482,1488,1492,1496],{},[14,1471,1472],{},[236,1473,1458],{"href":1457},[14,1475,1476],{},[236,1477,542],{"href":723},[14,1479,1480],{},[236,1481,1321],{"href":1320},[14,1483,1484],{},[236,1485,1487],{"href":1486},"\u002Fcontent\u002Fse","スウェーデン",[14,1489,1490],{},[236,1491,1218],{"href":1299},[14,1493,1494],{},[236,1495,124],{"href":167},[14,1497,1498],{},[236,1499,1501],{"href":1500},"\u002Fcontent\u002Fpt","ポルトガル",[14,1503,1504,1505,1509,1510],{},"［1961年］",[236,1506,1508],{"href":1507},"\u002Fcontent\u002Ffi","フィンランド","が準加盟国として参加\n",[11,1511,1512],{},[14,1513,1514],{},"ソ連への配慮",[14,1516,1517,1518,1520],{},"［1970年］",[236,1519,1331],{"href":1330},"加盟",[14,1522,1523,1524,336,1526,1528],{},"［1973年］",[236,1525,1458],{"href":1457},[236,1527,1218],{"href":1299},"脱退（ECへ）",[14,1530,1531,1532,1534,1535,1537],{},"［1986年］",[236,1533,1501],{"href":1500},"脱退（ECへ），",[236,1536,1508],{"href":1507},"正式加盟",[14,1539,1540,1541],{},"［1991年］リヒテンシュタイン正式加盟\n",[11,1542,1543],{},[14,1544,1545,1547],{},[236,1546,542],{"href":723},"と関税同盟があり，1960年から事実上加盟状態",[14,1549,1550,1551,336,1553,1555,1556,1528],{},"［1995年］",[236,1552,124],{"href":167},[236,1554,1487],{"href":1486},"、",[236,1557,1508],{"href":1507},{"title":108,"searchDepth":109,"depth":109,"links":1559},[1560,1561,1566],{"id":221,"depth":109,"text":222},{"id":1337,"depth":109,"text":1338,"children":1562},[1563,1564,1565],{"id":1346,"depth":395,"text":1347},{"id":1369,"depth":395,"text":1370},{"id":1429,"depth":395,"text":1430},{"id":1448,"depth":109,"text":1449},{},"\u002Fdict\u002Fefta",{"title":636,"description":108},"dict\u002Fefta\u002Findex","foz_rZhAvg5yWycKUp5DVekW_XXHx3P_t-Kt4dbM7ZE",{"id":1573,"title":1574,"body":1575,"category":112,"description":108,"draft":113,"extension":114,"meta":1685,"navigation":116,"path":1686,"seo":1687,"stem":1688,"__hash__":1689,"actualPath":1690},"dictionary\u002Fdict\u002Fes\u002Findex.md","スペイン",{"type":8,"value":1576,"toc":1679},[1577,1579,1603,1605,1643,1645,1669,1671],[51,1578,222],{"id":221},[11,1580,1581,1584,1587,1592,1600],{},[14,1582,1583],{},"正式名称：スペイン王国／スペイン国",[14,1585,1586],{},"首都：マドリード",[14,1588,1589,1590,27],{},"面積：50.60万km",[24,1591,26],{},[14,1593,1594,1595],{},"人口：4,808万人［2023］\n",[11,1596,1597],{},[14,1598,1599],{},"増加率：0.04%［2015-20］",[14,1601,1602],{},"GNI：15,564億USD／32,180USD\u002F人［2023］",[51,1604,577],{"id":576},[11,1606,1607,1610,1637,1640],{},[14,1608,1609],{},"多民族国家",[14,1611,1612,1613],{},"複数の分離独立運動\n",[11,1614,1615,1626],{},[14,1616,1617,1618],{},"カタルーニャ地方\n",[11,1619,1620,1623],{},[14,1621,1622],{},"北東部に位置",[14,1624,1625],{},"中心都市：バルセロナ → 自動車工業，観光業（サグラダ・ファミリア）などで経済的に豊か",[14,1627,1628,1629],{},"バスク地方\n",[11,1630,1631,1634],{},[14,1632,1633],{},"フランス国境付近に位置",[14,1635,1636],{},"中心都市：ビルバオ",[14,1638,1639],{},"スペイン語：インド・ヨーロッパ語族ラテン語派",[14,1641,1642],{},"おもにカトリックを信仰",[51,1644,1058],{"id":1057},[11,1646,1647,1655],{},[14,1648,1649,1650],{},"地中海式農業\n",[11,1651,1652],{},[14,1653,1654],{},"オレンジ：輸出世界一",[14,1656,1657,1658],{},"豚\n",[11,1659,1660,1663,1666],{},[14,1661,1662],{},"頭数が世界４位",[14,1664,1665],{},"輸出上位",[14,1667,1668],{},"2025年末，野生イノシシでアフリカ豚熱の発生が確認され，日本は豚肉等の輸入一時停止",[51,1670,1100],{"id":1099},[11,1672,1673,1676],{},[14,1674,1675],{},"ビルバオで鉄山立地型の鉄鋼業が発達 → 現在鉄山は閉山",[14,1677,1678],{},"自動車生産はヨーロッパではドイツに次ぐ ← EU企業の進出による",{"title":108,"searchDepth":109,"depth":109,"links":1680},[1681,1682,1683,1684],{"id":221,"depth":109,"text":222},{"id":576,"depth":109,"text":577},{"id":1057,"depth":109,"text":1058},{"id":1099,"depth":109,"text":1100},{},"\u002Fdict\u002Fes",{"title":1574,"description":108},"dict\u002Fes\u002Findex","ODUL7Ea5_I6Kg9URFHyo3hWojF0yKB7qm5Z1VPm6CRY","\u002Fcontent\u002Fes",{"id":1692,"title":239,"body":1693,"category":470,"description":108,"draft":113,"extension":114,"meta":2016,"navigation":116,"path":2017,"seo":2018,"stem":2019,"__hash__":2020,"actualPath":238},"dictionary\u002Fdict\u002Feu\u002Findex.md",{"type":8,"value":1694,"toc":2010},[1695,1697,1723,1727,1862,1866,1968,1972],[51,1696,222],{"id":221},[11,1698,1699,1702,1705,1710,1715,1718],{},[14,1700,1701],{},"略称：EU",[14,1703,1704],{},"加盟国数：27ヶ国［2026年］",[14,1706,1707,1708,1440],{},"本部：ブリュッセル（",[236,1709,216],{"href":403},[14,1711,1712,1713,1440],{},"議会：ストラスブール（",[236,1714,322],{"href":321},[14,1716,1717],{},"司法裁判所：ルクセンブルク",[14,1719,1720,1721,1440],{},"中央銀行：フランクフルト（",[236,1722,317],{"href":316},[51,1724,1726],{"id":1725},"_2-歴史","2. 歴史",[11,1728,1729,1732,1735,1738,1774,1788,1799,1806,1813,1816,1824,1827,1830,1843,1850,1853,1856],{},[14,1730,1731],{},"［1952年］ECSC（ヨーロッパ石炭鉄鋼共同体）",[14,1733,1734],{},"［1958年］EEC（ヨーロッパ経済共同体）",[14,1736,1737],{},"［1958年］EURATOM（ヨーロッパ原子力共同体）",[14,1739,1740,1741],{},"［1967年］EC（ヨーロッパ共同体）に統合",[11,1742,1743],{},[14,1744,1745,1746],{},"原加盟国\n",[11,1747,1748,1752,1755,1761],{},[14,1749,1750],{},[236,1751,322],{"href":321},[14,1753,1754],{},"西ドイツ",[14,1756,1757],{},[236,1758,1760],{"href":1759},"\u002Fcontent\u002Fit","イタリア",[14,1762,1763,1766,1767,336,1769,1771,1772],{},[236,1764,1765],{"href":261},"ベネルクス三国","（",[236,1768,216],{"href":403},[236,1770,342],{"href":341},"，ルクセンブルク）：",[236,1773,455],{"href":261},[14,1775,1776,1777],{},"［1968年］EC関税同盟",[11,1778,1779,1782,1785],{},[14,1780,1781],{},"域内関税撤廃",[14,1783,1784],{},"対外共通関税の実施",[14,1786,1787],{},"農産物の統一価格の制定",[14,1789,1523,1790,336,1792,336,1796,1798],{},[236,1791,1458],{"href":1457},[236,1793,1795],{"href":1794},"\u002Fcontent\u002Fie","アイルランド",[236,1797,1218],{"href":1299},"が加盟",[14,1800,1801,1802,1798],{},"［1981年］",[236,1803,1805],{"href":1804},"\u002Fcontent\u002Fgr","ギリシャ",[14,1807,1531,1808,1810,1811,1798],{},[236,1809,1574],{"href":1690},"・",[236,1812,1501],{"href":1500},[14,1814,1815],{},"［1993年］マーストリヒト条約発効により，EUに発展（この時点で12ヶ国が加盟）",[14,1817,1550,1818,336,1820,336,1822,1798],{},[236,1819,124],{"href":167},[236,1821,1487],{"href":1486},[236,1823,1508],{"href":1507},[14,1825,1826],{},"［1995年］シェンゲン協定により国境管理廃止",[14,1828,1829],{},"［1999年］単一通貨ユーロの導入 → 2002年より一般流通開始",[14,1831,1832,1833,336,1835,1837,1838,1842],{},"［2004年］エストニア，ラトビア，リトアニア，",[236,1834,950],{"href":949},[236,1836,814],{"href":861},"，スロバキア，",[236,1839,1841],{"href":1840},"\u002Fcontent\u002Fhu","ハンガリー","，スロベニア，マルタ，キプロスが加盟",[14,1844,1845,1846,1849],{},"［2007年］",[236,1847,956],{"href":1848},"\u002Fcontent\u002Fro","，ブルガリアが加盟",[14,1851,1852],{},"［2009年］リスボン条約発効：一つの国を目指す",[14,1854,1855],{},"［2013年］クロアチアが加盟",[14,1857,1858,1859,1861],{},"［2020年］ Brexit（",[236,1860,1458],{"href":1457},"が離脱）",[51,1863,1865],{"id":1864},"_3-政策","3. 政策",[11,1867,1868,1886,1945],{},[14,1869,1870,1871],{},"人・モノ・サービス・資本の移動の自由化を目指す\n",[11,1872,1873,1881,1884],{},[14,1874,1875,1876],{},"シェンゲン協定\n",[11,1877,1878],{},[14,1879,1880],{},"国境管理の廃止",[14,1882,1883],{},"域内関税・非関税障壁の撤廃",[14,1885,1784],{},[14,1887,1888,1889],{},"ユーロ：単一通貨\n",[11,1890,1891,1894,1897,1906,1911,1914,1931],{},[14,1892,1893],{},"EU加盟国のうち20ヶ国が使用",[14,1895,1896],{},"原則全加盟国に導入義務あり",[14,1898,1899,1900,1902,1903,1905],{},"オプトアウト：",[236,1901,1218],{"href":1299},"と",[236,1904,1458],{"href":1457},"（現在は脱退）のみ，導入義務が免除されている",[14,1907,1908,1910],{},[236,1909,1487],{"href":1486},"及び東欧諸国は，経済水準を満たさず未導入",[14,1912,1913],{},"正式な導入国が独自デザインの貨幣を発行する鋳造権を持つ",[14,1915,1916,1917],{},"一方的ユーロ化\n",[11,1918,1919,1922,1925,1928],{},[14,1920,1921],{},"コソボ，モンテネグロ：ドイツマルクからの移行",[14,1923,1924],{},"EUとの通貨協定なしにユーロを導入",[14,1926,1927],{},"EUは黙認しているがよく思っていない",[14,1929,1930],{},"鋳造権なし",[14,1932,1933,1934],{},"ミニ国家\n",[11,1935,1936,1939,1942],{},[14,1937,1938],{},"バチカン市国，サンマリノ，モナコ，アンドラ",[14,1940,1941],{},"通貨協定に基づいて導入",[14,1943,1944],{},"鋳造権あり",[14,1946,1947,1948],{},"共通農業政策\n",[11,1949,1950,1953,1956,1959,1962,1965],{},[14,1951,1952],{},"農業生産量・自給率向上を目指す",[14,1954,1955],{},"域内の農作物に統一価格を設定",[14,1957,1958],{},"輸入農産物から統一価格との差額を輸入課徴金として徴収",[14,1960,1961],{},"輸出農産物は差額を輸出補助金として農家に支給",[14,1963,1964],{},"余剰農産物，財政負担の問題",[14,1966,1967],{},"現在は農家の所得を直接保障する「価格・所得政策」と「農村振興政策」が中心",[51,1969,1971],{"id":1970},"_4-課題","4. 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コモンウェルス・レルム（英連邦王国）",[11,2456,2457,2470],{},[14,2458,2459,2460],{},"イギリス国王を自国の国家元首とする国が15ヶ国\n",[11,2461,2462,2464,2467],{},[14,2463,479],{},[14,2465,2466],{},"オーストラリア",[14,2468,2469],{},"ニュージーランド",[14,2471,2472,2473],{},"他に\n",[11,2474,2475,2486],{},[14,2476,2477,2478],{},"独自の大統領をもつ共和国\n",[11,2479,2480,2483],{},[14,2481,2482],{},"インド",[14,2484,2485],{},"南アフリカ など",[14,2487,2488,2489],{},"独自の国王を持つ王国\n",[11,2490,2491],{},[14,2492,2493],{},"マレーシア など",[51,2495,2497],{"id":2496},"_3-行事","3. 行事",[307,2499,2501],{"id":2500},"コモンウェルスゲームズ","コモンウェルス・ゲームズ",[11,2503,2504,2507,2510],{},[14,2505,2506],{},"４年ごとに開催されるスポート大会",[14,2508,2509],{},"オリンピック競技",[14,2511,2512],{},"英連邦特有の競技（ネットボール，ローンボウルズ，7人制ラグビーなど）",[307,2514,2516],{"id":2515},"コモンウェルス首脳会議chogm","コモンウェルス首脳会議（CHOGM）",[11,2518,2519,2522],{},[14,2520,2521],{},"２年に一回",[14,2523,2524,2525],{},"加盟国首脳が共通の課題について議論\n",[11,2526,2527,2530,2533],{},[14,2528,2529],{},"気候変動",[14,2531,2532],{},"経済発展",[14,2534,2535],{},"教育",{"title":108,"searchDepth":109,"depth":109,"links":2537},[2538,2539,2540],{"id":221,"depth":109,"text":222},{"id":2453,"depth":109,"text":2454},{"id":2496,"depth":109,"text":2497,"children":2541},[2542,2543],{"id":2500,"depth":395,"text":2501},{"id":2515,"depth":395,"text":2516},{},"\u002Fdict\u002Fgb\u002Fcommonwealth",{"title":521,"description":108},"dict\u002Fgb\u002Fcommonwealth\u002Findex","1CRXE80zd_3vj-kZi1AOl5YFJCW0bcpn_NJMKTMBfAQ","\u002Fcontent\u002Fgb\u002Fcommonwealth",{"id":2551,"title":2552,"body":2553,"category":2599,"description":108,"draft":113,"extension":114,"meta":2600,"navigation":116,"path":2601,"seo":2602,"stem":2603,"__hash__":2604,"actualPath":2605},"dictionary\u002Fdict\u002Fgb\u002Fgibraltar\u002Findex.md","ジブラルタル",{"type":8,"value":2554,"toc":2595},[2555,2557,2580,2582],[51,2556,222],{"id":221},[11,2558,2559,2564,2571,2577],{},[14,2560,2561,2562],{},"面積：6.8km",[24,2563,26],{},[14,2565,2566,2567,2570],{},"イベリア半島南端，",[236,2568,1574],{"href":2569},"\u002Fcontent\u002Fes\u002F","と陸続き",[14,2572,2573,2576],{},[236,2574,1458],{"href":2575},"\u002Fcontent\u002Fgb\u002F","の海外領土",[14,2578,2579],{},"ジブラルタル海峡（大西洋と地中海を繋ぐ）に面している",[51,2581,1726],{"id":1725},[11,2583,2584,2587],{},[14,2585,2586],{},"［18c初め］スペイン継承戦争にてイギリス・オランダ連合軍が占領",[14,2588,2589,2590],{},"［1713］ユトレヒト条約でイギリス領となる\n",[11,2591,2592],{},[14,2593,2594],{},"スペインは返還を求めている",{"title":108,"searchDepth":109,"depth":109,"links":2596},[2597,2598],{"id":221,"depth":109,"text":222},{"id":1725,"depth":109,"text":1726},"地域",{},"\u002Fdict\u002Fgb\u002Fgibraltar",{"title":2552,"description":108},"dict\u002Fgb\u002Fgibraltar\u002Findex","1vaehWdy6aoCjK53gqH2bfaIG-002QTKEIcJkK7IJ_U","\u002Fcontent\u002Fgb\u002Fgibraltar",{"id":2607,"title":1458,"body":2608,"category":112,"description":108,"draft":113,"extension":114,"meta":2943,"navigation":116,"path":2944,"seo":2945,"stem":2946,"__hash__":2947,"actualPath":1457},"dictionary\u002Fdict\u002Fgb\u002Findex.md",{"type":8,"value":2609,"toc":2917},[2610,2612,2643,2645,2647,2657,2661,2669,2671,2679,2685,2692,2699,2703,2733,2737,2744,2755,2759,2767,2770,2778,2782,2793,2797,2800,2811,2814,2822,2825,2833,2836,2844,2847,2852,2855,2868,2872,2880,2884],[51,2611,222],{"id":221},[11,2613,2614,2620,2623,2626,2631,2634,2637,2640],{},[14,2615,2616,2617],{},"正式名称： 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ゲルマン語派）",[11,2662,2663,2666],{},[14,2664,2665],{},"英語：事実上の公用語",[14,2667,2668],{},"ウェールズ語，スコットランド・ゲール語，アイルランド語：各地方の伝統として公的な保護・普及活動が行なわれている",[307,2670,1000],{"id":1000},[11,2672,2673,2676],{},[14,2674,2675],{},"イギリス国教会（プロテスタント）が主流",[14,2677,2678],{},"若年層を中心に無宗教が急増",[307,2680,2682],{"id":2681},"北アイルランド問題",[236,2683,2681],{"href":2684},"\u002Fcontent\u002Fgb\u002Fn_ireland",[281,2686,2687,2688,2691],{},"カトリック信徒が多く，",[236,2689,2690],{"href":1794},"アイルランド共和国（現アイルランド）","として独立した南部に対し，アイルランド島北部はプロテスタントが主流であり，イギリスに残った．",[281,2693,2694,2695,2698],{},"「",[236,2696,2697],{"href":2684},"ザ・トラブルズ","」などと呼ばれる．",[51,2700,2702],{"id":2701},"_3-政治体制","3. 政治体制",[11,2704,2705,2719],{},[14,2706,2707,2708],{},"立憲君主制\n",[11,2709,2710,2713,2716],{},[14,2711,2712],{},"君臨すれども統治せず",[14,2714,2715],{},"国家の統合の象徴",[14,2717,2718],{},"内閣の助言に基づいて国王大権を行使",[14,2720,2721,2722],{},"議院内閣制の先駆\n",[11,2723,2724,2727,2730],{},[14,2725,2726],{},"下院（庶民院）の第一党の党首が，国王より首相に任命される",[14,2728,2729],{},"下院の優越",[14,2731,2732],{},"上院（貴族院）は世襲制，下院の法案に修正を求めるなど",[51,2734,2736],{"id":2735},"_4-国際関係","4. 国際関係",[307,2738,2740],{"id":2739},"英連邦コモンウェルス",[236,2741,2743],{"href":2742},"\u002Fcontent\u002Fgb\u002Fcommonwealth\u002F","英連邦（コモンウェルス）",[11,2745,2746,2749,2752],{},[14,2747,2748],{},"旧英領国家との緩やかな国際組織",[14,2750,2751],{},"植民地時代と異なり，各加盟国は対等",[14,2753,2754],{},"経済的協力，民主主義の推進など",[307,2756,2758],{"id":2757},"efta欧州自由貿易連合","EFTA（欧州自由貿易連合）",[11,2760,2761,2764],{},[14,2762,2763],{},"1960年創設時の初期加盟国",[14,2765,2766],{},"EC（欧州共同体）加盟時に離脱",[307,2768,2769],{"id":2769},"欧州連合との関係",[11,2771,2772,2775],{},[14,2773,2774],{},"Brexit：2016年国民投票，2020年正式にEU離脱",[14,2776,2777],{},"安全保障，経済，エネルギーなどの協力関係を約束",[51,2779,2781],{"id":2780},"_5-農業","5. 農業",[11,2783,2784,2787,2790],{},[14,2785,2786],{},"国土の７割が農地",[14,2788,2789],{},"農業人口率1.0%［2022年］",[14,2791,2792],{},"羊の頭数はヨーロッパ一",[51,2794,2796],{"id":2795},"_6-工業","6. 工業",[307,2798,2799],{"id":2799},"スコットランド",[11,2801,2802,2805,2808],{},[14,2803,2804],{},"中心都市：グラスゴー，エディンバラ",[14,2806,2807],{},"鉄鋼，造船が盛んであったが近年衰退",[14,2809,2810],{},"シリコングレン：近年エレクトロニクス産業が発達",[307,2812,2813],{"id":2813},"北東イングランド",[11,2815,2816,2819],{},[14,2817,2818],{},"北海油田の開発と共に発達",[14,2820,2821],{},"ミドルズブラ：石油化学，鉄鋼業が発達",[307,2823,2824],{"id":2824},"ランカシャー",[11,2826,2827,2830],{},[14,2828,2829],{},"ペニン山脈西麓",[14,2831,2832],{},"リーズ：産業革命で羊毛工業が発達",[307,2834,2835],{"id":2835},"ミッドランド",[11,2837,2838,2841],{},[14,2839,2840],{},"バーミンガムなどが丹田・鉄山を背景に鉄鋼業が栄えたものの衰退",[14,2842,2843],{},"カーディフ，ミドルズブラなど臨海に移動",[307,2845,2846],{"id":2846},"南ウェールズ",[11,2848,2849],{},[14,2850,2851],{},"カーディフ：臨海型の鉄鋼業",[307,2853,2854],{"id":2854},"ロンドン",[11,2856,2857,2860,2863,2865],{},[14,2858,2859],{},"テムズ川河口付近に位置",[14,2861,2862],{},"大都市型工業：印刷・出版など",[14,2864,2313],{},[14,2866,2867],{},"国際金融の中心の一つ",[51,2869,2871],{"id":2870},"_7-都市計画","7. 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ミニ国家",[307,3644,3645],{"id":3645},"バチカン市国",[11,3647,3648,3651],{},[14,3649,3650],{},"ローマ市内に位置",[14,3652,3653],{},"カトリック教会の総本山",[307,3655,3656],{"id":3656},"サンマリノ共和国",[11,3658,3659],{},[14,3660,3661],{},"現存する世界最古の共和国",[307,3663,3665],{"id":3664},"マルタ騎士団聖ヨハネ騎士団","マルタ騎士団（聖ヨハネ騎士団）",[11,3667,3668,3671],{},[14,3669,3670],{},"主権実体",[14,3672,3673],{},"ローマ市内に本部ビルを領有（領土なし）",[51,3675,3677],{"id":3676},"_4-農業","4. 農業",[307,3679,1061],{"id":1061},[11,3681,3682,3696,3699],{},[14,3683,3684,3685],{},"北部，ポー川流域\n",[11,3686,3687,3690,3693],{},[14,3688,3689],{},"パダノ・ヴェネタ平野",[14,3691,3692],{},"集約農業",[14,3694,3695],{},"山に囲まれており，夏に気温が上がるCfa気候",[14,3697,3698],{},"米（リゾット用），小麦，トウモロコシなど",[14,3700,3701,3702],{},"畜産業：豚・牛など\n",[11,3703,3704,3707],{},[14,3705,3706],{},"パルマハム",[14,3708,3709],{},"パルミジャーノ・レッジャーノ（チーズ）",[307,3711,3712],{"id":3712},"地中海式農業",[11,3714,3715,3718,3726,3734,3737],{},[14,3716,3717],{},"山がちな南部・島部",[14,3719,3720,3721],{},"オリーブ\n",[11,3722,3723],{},[14,3724,3725],{},"オリーブオイル；スペインに次ぐ生産量",[14,3727,3728,3729],{},"ブドウ\n",[11,3730,3731],{},[14,3732,3733],{},"ワイン：世界最大級の生産量",[14,3735,3736],{},"柑橘類",[14,3738,3739],{},"トマト",[307,3741,3743],{"id":3742},"有機農業オーガニック","有機農業・オーガニック",[11,3745,3746],{},[14,3747,3748],{},"有機栽培の農地面積は欧州最大級",[307,3750,3751],{"id":3751},"アグリツーリズム",[11,3753,3754,3757],{},[14,3755,3756],{},"農業＋観光",[14,3758,3759],{},"農家の収入源の一つ",[51,3761,3763],{"id":3762},"_5-工業","5. 工業",[281,3765,3766],{},"南北の経済格差",[307,3768,3769],{"id":3769},"北部",[11,3771,3772,3775,3778],{},[14,3773,3774],{},"ミラノ：繊維，機械",[14,3776,3777],{},"トリノ：自動車",[14,3779,3780],{},"ジェノヴァ：造船，鉄鋼，石油化学",[307,3782,3783],{"id":3783},"南部",[11,3785,3786,3789],{},[14,3787,3788],{},"タラント：製鉄所（経済格差是正の為の南部開発として）",[14,3790,3791,3792],{},"第三のイタリア\n",[11,3793,3794,3805],{},[14,3795,3796,3797],{},"伝統技術によるブランド品生産\n",[11,3798,3799,3802],{},[14,3800,3801],{},"繊維，皮革",[14,3803,3804],{},"中小企業が集積",[14,3806,3807],{},"フィレンツェ，ボローニャ，ヴェネツィアなど",{"title":108,"searchDepth":109,"depth":109,"links":3809},[3810,3811,3816,3821,3827],{"id":221,"depth":109,"text":222},{"id":576,"depth":109,"text":577,"children":3812},[3813,3814,3815],{"id":915,"depth":395,"text":915},{"id":979,"depth":395,"text":979},{"id":1000,"depth":395,"text":1000},{"id":3641,"depth":109,"text":3642,"children":3817},[3818,3819,3820],{"id":3645,"depth":395,"text":3645},{"id":3656,"depth":395,"text":3656},{"id":3664,"depth":395,"text":3665},{"id":3676,"depth":109,"text":3677,"children":3822},[3823,3824,3825,3826],{"id":1061,"depth":395,"text":1061},{"id":3712,"depth":395,"text":3712},{"id":3742,"depth":395,"text":3743},{"id":3751,"depth":395,"text":3751},{"id":3762,"depth":109,"text":3763,"children":3828},[3829,3830],{"id":3769,"depth":395,"text":3769},{"id":3783,"depth":395,"text":3783},{},"\u002Fdict\u002Fit",{"title":1760,"description":108},"dict\u002Fit\u002Findex","_Sum5Ie6juVjKNMlM2vGlQdddLtlsMtEgOcAjQX2yZs",{"id":3837,"title":342,"body":3838,"category":112,"description":108,"draft":113,"extension":114,"meta":3978,"navigation":116,"path":3979,"seo":3980,"stem":3981,"__hash__":3982,"actualPath":341},"dictionary\u002Fdict\u002Fnl\u002Findex.md",{"type":8,"value":3839,"toc":3972},[3840,3842,3890,3892,3917,3919,3949,3953],[51,3841,222],{"id":221},[11,3843,3844,3847,3855,3860,3867,3870,3874],{},[14,3845,3846],{},"正式名称：オランダ王国",[14,3848,3849,3850],{},"首都：アムステルダム\n",[11,3851,3852],{},[14,3853,3854],{},"事実上の首都はハーグ",[14,3856,3857,3858],{},"面積：4.15万km",[24,3859,26],{},[14,3861,3862,3863],{},"人口：1,781万人［2023］\n",[11,3864,3865],{},[14,3866,834],{},[14,3868,3869],{},"GNI：10,848億USD，60,670USD\u002F人［2023］",[14,3871,3872,263],{},[236,3873,262],{"href":261},[14,3875,3876,3877],{},"国土の1\u002F4が海面下\n",[11,3878,3879,3882],{},[14,3880,3881],{},"Netherlands：「低い土地」という意味",[14,3883,3884,3885],{},"「神は世界を作ったが，オランダ人はオランダを作った」\n",[11,3886,3887],{},[14,3888,3889],{},"オランダの土地の多くは，人間が海や湿地を切り開いて作った",[51,3891,577],{"id":576},[11,3893,3894,3911,3914],{},[14,3895,3896,3897,3900],{},"高身長 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貿易・外交",[11,3954,3955,3959],{},[14,3956,3957,263],{},[236,3958,262],{"href":261},[14,3960,3961,3962],{},"ロッテルダム（ライン川河口）\n",[11,3963,3964,3967,3970],{},[14,3965,3966],{},"ヨーロッパ最大の貿易港",[14,3968,3969],{},"ユーロポート：EUの玄関口",[14,3971,2343],{},{"title":108,"searchDepth":109,"depth":109,"links":3973},[3974,3975,3976,3977],{"id":221,"depth":109,"text":222},{"id":576,"depth":109,"text":577},{"id":1256,"depth":109,"text":1257},{"id":3951,"depth":109,"text":3952},{},"\u002Fdict\u002Fnl",{"title":342,"description":108},"dict\u002Fnl\u002Findex","JGGQimffdjzhaJak163jqsrL3EhEEGzrKWaymxM4Jvc",{"id":3984,"title":1321,"body":3985,"category":112,"description":108,"draft":113,"extension":114,"meta":4117,"navigation":116,"path":4118,"seo":4119,"stem":4120,"__hash__":4121,"actualPath":1320},"dictionary\u002Fdict\u002Fno\u002Findex.md",{"type":8,"value":3986,"toc":4109},[3987,3989,4013,4015,4041,4043,4053,4055,4073,4077,4092,4096],[51,3988,222],{"id":221},[11,3990,3991,3994,3997,4002,4010],{},[14,3992,3993],{},"正式名称：ノルウェー王国",[14,3995,3996],{},"首都：オスロ",[14,3998,3999,4000,27],{},"面積：32.38万km",[24,4001,26],{},[14,4003,4004,4005],{},"人口：548万人［2023］\n",[11,4006,4007],{},[14,4008,4009],{},"増加率：0.8［2015-20］",[14,4011,4012],{},"GNI：5,655億USD，102,460USD\u002F人［2023］",[51,4014,577],{"id":576},[11,4016,4017,4020,4022],{},[14,4018,4019],{},"言語：ノルウェー語（インド・ヨーロッパ語族ゲルマン語派）",[14,4021,3475],{},[14,4023,4024,4025],{},"民族：主にノルウェー人\n",[11,4026,4027],{},[14,4028,4029,4032,4033],{},[236,4030,2071],{"href":4031},"\u002Fcontent\u002Fsapmi\u002F","：先住民族\n",[11,4034,4035,4038],{},[14,4036,4037],{},"ラップランドに住む",[14,4039,4040],{},"サーミ議会を持つ",[51,4042,1257],{"id":1256},[11,4044,4045],{},[14,4046,4047,4048],{},"伝統的な漁業\n",[11,4049,4050],{},[14,4051,4052],{},"近年はさけ・ます類の養殖 → フィヨルドであり波が静か",[51,4054,3502],{"id":3501},[11,4056,4057,4065],{},[14,4058,4059,4060],{},"水力発電\n",[11,4061,4062],{},[14,4063,4064],{},"安価な電力 → アルミニウム工業",[14,4066,4067,4068],{},"北海油田\n",[11,4069,4070],{},[14,4071,4072],{},"原油・天然ガス産出 → 輸出",[51,4074,4076],{"id":4075},"_5-外交","5. 外交",[11,4078,4079],{},[14,4080,4081,4083,4084,4086,4087],{},[236,4082,459],{"href":3540},"非加盟，",[236,4085,636],{"href":3531},"のみ加盟\n",[11,4088,4089],{},[14,4090,4091],{},"漁業利権を維持するため",[51,4093,4095],{"id":4094},"_6-その他","6. その他",[11,4097,4098],{},[14,4099,4100,4104],{},[236,4101,4103],{"href":4102},"\u002Fcontent\u002Fno\u002Fsj\u002F","スヴァールバル諸島",[11,4105,4106],{},[14,4107,4108],{},"広く平和利用を認める協定",{"title":108,"searchDepth":109,"depth":109,"links":4110},[4111,4112,4113,4114,4115,4116],{"id":221,"depth":109,"text":222},{"id":576,"depth":109,"text":577},{"id":1256,"depth":109,"text":1257},{"id":3501,"depth":109,"text":3502},{"id":4075,"depth":109,"text":4076},{"id":4094,"depth":109,"text":4095},{},"\u002Fdict\u002Fno",{"title":1321,"description":108},"dict\u002Fno\u002Findex","G3xgMglfkMSxvpX-0rPWye5nWYYCjUQBqSp-6zUmVNY",{"id":4123,"title":4103,"body":4124,"category":2599,"description":108,"draft":113,"extension":114,"meta":4207,"navigation":116,"path":4208,"seo":4209,"stem":4210,"__hash__":4211,"actualPath":4212},"dictionary\u002Fdict\u002Fno\u002Fsj\u002Findex.md",{"type":8,"value":4125,"toc":4202},[4126,4128,4153,4157,4171,4175],[51,4127,222],{"id":221},[11,4129,4130,4136,4139,4144,4147,4150],{},[14,4131,4132,4135],{},[236,4133,1321],{"href":4134},"\u002Fcontent\u002Fno\u002F","領であるがシェンゲン圏外",[14,4137,4138],{},"北極圏の北部に位置",[14,4140,4141,4142],{},"面積：6.1万km",[24,4143,26],{},[14,4145,4146],{},"中心都市：ロングイェールビーン",[14,4148,4149],{},"世界最北級の有人地域",[14,4151,4152],{},"オスロなどから航空機で渡航",[51,4154,4156],{"id":4155},"_2-環境","2. 環境",[11,4158,4159,4162,4165,4168],{},[14,4160,4161],{},"明確な白夜・極夜",[14,4163,4164],{},"ホッキョクグマ，アザラシ，トナカイ，ホッキョクギツネなど野生動物",[14,4166,4167],{},"氷河，フィヨルド",[14,4169,4170],{},"ツンドラ気候",[51,4172,4174],{"id":4173},"_3-スヴァールバル条約","3. スヴァールバル条約",[11,4176,4177,4180,4191,4194],{},[14,4178,4179],{},"1920年，パリで締結",[14,4181,4182,4183],{},"条約加盟国の国民は，島内で等しく経済活動を行なえる\n",[11,4184,4185,4188],{},[14,4186,4187],{},"査証なしで入国・就労が可能",[14,4189,4190],{},"自由な資源開発（石炭，石油，金鉱など）",[14,4192,4193],{},"租税の限定使用：島内で徴収された税金は，本土への流用が禁じられる",[14,4195,4196,4197],{},"非武装地帯：軍事施設の建設禁止\n",[11,4198,4199],{},[14,4200,4201],{},"第二次世界大戦中を除き，軍隊は駐屯していない",{"title":108,"searchDepth":109,"depth":109,"links":4203},[4204,4205,4206],{"id":221,"depth":109,"text":222},{"id":4155,"depth":109,"text":4156},{"id":4173,"depth":109,"text":4174},{},"\u002Fdict\u002Fno\u002Fsj",{"title":4103,"description":108},"dict\u002Fno\u002Fsj\u002Findex","UJ6GhtZ8Pm4GMmPiph2mYm_2r8C_-iS696Z6LNPlY5M","\u002Fcontent\u002Fno\u002Fsj",{"id":4214,"title":4215,"body":4216,"category":4350,"description":4220,"draft":113,"extension":114,"meta":4351,"navigation":116,"path":4352,"seo":4353,"stem":4354,"__hash__":4355,"actualPath":4356},"dictionary\u002Fdict\u002Fpl\u002Fball\u002Findex.md","ポーランドボール",{"type":8,"value":4217,"toc":4345},[4218,4221,4224,4271,4274,4285,4288],[281,4219,4220],{},"国をボールで表し，国際関係・文化・歴史などを風刺したもの．",[51,4222,4223],{"id":4223},"発祥",[11,4225,4226,4246,4263],{},[14,4227,4228,4229,4231,4232],{},"2009年8月：円形のキャンバスに絵を描くサイト「Drawball.com」で，",[236,4230,950],{"href":949},"のネットユーザーが結託\n",[11,4233,4234,4240,4243],{},[14,4235,4236,4237,4239],{},"キャンバス全体を",[236,4238,950],{"href":949},"の国旗で塗りつぶし，中央に「POLSKA」と描く巨大なアートを完成",[14,4241,4242],{},"海外の掲示板「4chan」などで書き込み合戦に発展",[14,4244,4245],{},"国をボールで表す文化の始まりとされる",[14,4247,4248,4249,4251,4252,4254,4255,4257,4258],{},"2009年9月：",[236,4250,317],{"href":316},"の画像掲示板「Krautchan.net」で，",[236,4253,1458],{"href":1457},"人ユーザが",[236,4256,950],{"href":949},"人ユーザの拙い英語や愛国的な発言をからかうために，ペイントソフトで作った下手くそな漫画を投稿\n",[11,4259,4260],{},[14,4261,4262],{},"ポーランドは「上下がひっくり返った国旗の丸いキャラクター」として描かれる",[14,4264,4265,4266],{},"その後：各国の掲示板やSNS，YouTubeなどで真似をするユーザが増加\n",[11,4267,4268],{},[14,4269,4270],{},"歴史や時事問題をブラックユーモアを交えてわかりやすく学ぶ",[51,4272,4273],{"id":4273},"日本での進化",[11,4275,4276,4279,4282],{},[14,4277,4278],{},"キャラクターの可愛さを重視",[14,4280,4281],{},"なぜかポーランドよりもパラオの方が人気になる",[14,4283,4284],{},"ゆっくりボイスなどによりショート動画化",[51,4286,4287],{"id":4287},"定番ネタ",[11,4289,4290,4301,4309,4320,4328,4336,4339,4342],{},[14,4291,4292,4293],{},"Polska cannot into 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緊張",[11,5232,5233,5236,5247],{},[14,5234,5235],{},"周囲を産油国に囲まれるため",[14,5237,5238,5239],{},"軍事・外交・エネルギー供給のチョークポイント\n",[11,5240,5241,5244],{},[14,5242,5243],{},"各国の関心が高く，利害の衝突が激化しやすい",[14,5245,5246],{},"政治的誤算や事故が全世界に波及しがち",[14,5248,5249,5250],{},"ペルシャ湾呼称問題に関連\n",[11,5251,5252,5255],{},[14,5253,5254],{},"イラン：ペルシャ湾",[14,5256,5257],{},"アラブ諸国：アラビア湾",{"title":108,"searchDepth":109,"depth":109,"links":5259},[5260,5261],{"id":221,"depth":109,"text":222},{"id":5229,"depth":109,"text":5230},"ペルシャ湾（アラビア湾）とオマーン湾を結ぶ国際海峡．",{},"\u002Fdict\u002Fstrait\u002Fhormuz",{"title":5187,"description":5262},"dict\u002Fstrait\u002Fhormuz\u002Findex","Bs7kr14JAevn_4qmIQVjxlaIJoTQLCZmrI9HjjboMQQ","\u002Fcontent\u002Fstrait\u002Fhormuz",{"id":5270,"title":5095,"body":5271,"category":5400,"description":5401,"draft":113,"extension":114,"meta":5402,"navigation":116,"path":5403,"seo":5404,"stem":5405,"__hash__":5406,"actualPath":5094},"dictionary\u002Fdict\u002Fstrait\u002Finternational\u002Findex.md",{"type":8,"value":5272,"toc":5391},[5273,5280,5283,5286,5289,5297,5300,5316,5319,5352,5355,5358,5375,5378],[281,5274,5275,5276,5279],{},"正式名称は「",[420,5277,5278],{},"国際航行に使用されている海峡","」．",[281,5281,5282],{},"国連海洋法条約（UNCLOS）で言及されている海峡を指す．",[51,5284,5285],{"id":5285},"通過通航権",[281,5287,5288],{},"領海であっても，多くの国際海峡で認められている．",[11,5290,5291,5294],{},[14,5292,5293],{},"自由な航行と上空飛行：外国の商船や軍艦は，進行を妨げられず，継続的かつ迅速に通過することが認められる",[14,5295,5296],{},"潜水艦の潜水したままの通過：通常の領海では，浮上して航行する必要がある",[51,5298,5299],{"id":5299},"群島航路帯通航権",[11,5301,5302,5305,5308],{},[14,5303,5304],{},"潜水艦の潜水航行の自由",[14,5306,5307],{},"上空飛行の自由：他国の軍用機も含む",[14,5309,5310,5311],{},"航路の制限：沿岸国の設定した航路から左右25海里を離れてはならない\n",[11,5312,5313],{},[14,5314,5315],{},"航路外に出た場合：無害通航権が適用される",[307,5317,5318],{"id":5318},"具体例",[11,5320,5321,5328,5338,5346],{},[14,5322,5323,5327],{},[236,5324,5326],{"href":5325},"\u002Fcontent\u002Fstrait\u002Fmalacca\u002F","マラッカ海峡","：マレー半島とスマトラ島の間，東アジアに運ばれる物資の主要ルート",[14,5329,5330,5333,5334,5337],{},[236,5331,5187],{"href":5332},"\u002Fcontent\u002Fstrait\u002Fhormuz\u002F","：",[236,5335,5336],{"href":5194},"ペルシャ（アラビア）湾","とオマーン湾の間：原油の輸送経路",[14,5339,5340,5333,5343,5345],{},[236,5341,5137],{"href":5342},"\u002Fcontent\u002Fstrait\u002Fgibraltar\u002F",[236,5344,1574],{"href":1690},"とモロッコの間，太平洋と地中海を結び，ヨーロッパとアジア・アフリカを繋ぐ",[14,5347,5348,5351],{},[236,5349,2304],{"href":5350},"\u002Fcontent\u002Fstrait\u002Fdover\u002F","：英仏の間，北海と大西洋を結ぶ",[51,5353,5354],{"id":5354},"特定海峡",[281,5356,5357],{},"日本では，原則領海の幅を12海里と定めているが，以下の海峡では，３海里に留めている．",[11,5359,5360,5363,5366,5369,5372],{},[14,5361,5362],{},"大隈海峡",[14,5364,5365],{},"対馬海峡東水道",[14,5367,5368],{},"対馬海峡西水道",[14,5370,5371],{},"宗谷海峡",[14,5373,5374],{},"津軽海峡",[307,5376,5377],{"id":5377},"目的",[11,5379,5380,5388],{},[14,5381,5382,5383],{},"海峡内に航行可能な領海（またはEEZ）が存在する場合が通過通行権が適用されず，沿岸部が広く開放される事態は避けることができる\n",[11,5384,5385],{},[14,5386,5387],{},"無害通航権：他国の領海内を航行する時，沿岸国の安全を害さず，国旗を掲げ，潜水艦は浮上しなければならない",[14,5389,5390],{},"非核三原則との兼ね合い：アメリカの軍艦が航行する余地を残すため，主権の及ばない公海を設けた",{"title":108,"searchDepth":109,"depth":109,"links":5392},[5393,5394,5397],{"id":5285,"depth":109,"text":5285},{"id":5299,"depth":109,"text":5299,"children":5395},[5396],{"id":5318,"depth":395,"text":5318},{"id":5354,"depth":109,"text":5354,"children":5398},[5399],{"id":5377,"depth":395,"text":5377},"用語","正式名称は「国際航行に使用されている海峡」．",{},"\u002Fdict\u002Fstrait\u002Finternational",{"title":5095,"description":5401},"dict\u002Fstrait\u002Finternational\u002Findex","B4LILLx5sv9-xqtYOWGYd92IMsZu6IAcKqenzEbl6Xc",{"id":5408,"title":5409,"body":5410,"category":3218,"description":5469,"draft":113,"extension":114,"meta":5470,"navigation":116,"path":5471,"seo":5472,"stem":5473,"__hash__":5474,"actualPath":5475},"dictionary\u002Fdict\u002Fstrait\u002Flombok\u002Findex.md","ロンボク海峡",{"type":8,"value":5411,"toc":5465},[5412,5417,5422,5426,5448,5452],[281,5413,5414,5415],{},"バリ島とロンボク島（インドネシア中部・小スンダ列島）の間にある",[236,5416,5095],{"href":5094},[5010,5418],{"lat":5419,"lon":5420,"zoom":5421},"-8.442","115.862","8",[51,5423,5425],{"id":5424},"_1-地形情報","1. 地形情報",[11,5427,5428,5431,5434],{},[14,5429,5430],{},"インド洋とバリ海を結ぶ",[14,5432,5433],{},"水深が深い（数百メートル超） → マラッカ海峡を通れない大型船の代替航路",[14,5435,5436,5439,5440,5443,5444,5447],{},[236,5437,5095],{"href":5438},"\u002Fcontent\u002Fstrait\u002Finternational\u002F","であるが，海峡周辺は全てインドネシアの領海・群島水域であるため，",[236,5441,5285],{"href":5442},"\u002Fcontent\u002Fstrait\u002Finternational\u002F#%E9%80%9A%E9%81%8E%E9%80%9A%E8%88%AA%E6%A8%A9","ではなく，",[236,5445,5299],{"href":5446},"\u002Fcontent\u002Fstrait\u002Finternational\u002F#%E7%BE%A4%E5%B3%B6%E8%88%AA%E8%B7%AF%E5%B8%AF%E9%80%9A%E8%88%AA%E6%A8%A9","が適用される",[51,5449,5451],{"id":5450},"_2-環境的役割","2. 環境的役割",[11,5453,5454],{},[14,5455,5456,5457],{},"ウォーレス線\n",[11,5458,5459,5462],{},[14,5460,5461],{},"水深が非常に深く，氷河期でも陸橋が形成されなかった",[14,5463,5464],{},"アジア系とオーストラリア系の動植物相を隔てる",{"title":108,"searchDepth":109,"depth":109,"links":5466},[5467,5468],{"id":5424,"depth":109,"text":5425},{"id":5450,"depth":109,"text":5451},"バリ島とロンボク島（インドネシア中部・小スンダ列島）の間にある国際海峡",{},"\u002Fdict\u002Fstrait\u002Flombok",{"title":5409,"description":5469},"dict\u002Fstrait\u002Flombok\u002Findex","EdUxdErIJK6v3wtRwwRbak5AKx19EDkes0bZC6yhPFY","\u002Fcontent\u002Fstrait\u002Flombok",{"id":5477,"title":5326,"body":5478,"category":3218,"description":5561,"draft":113,"extension":114,"meta":5562,"navigation":116,"path":5563,"seo":5564,"stem":5565,"__hash__":5566,"actualPath":5567},"dictionary\u002Fdict\u002Fstrait\u002Fmalacca\u002Findex.md",{"type":8,"value":5479,"toc":5557},[5480,5485,5489,5491,5504,5508],[281,5481,5482,5483,5145],{},"マレー半島とスマトラ島を隔てる，全長900kmの",[236,5484,5095],{"href":5438},[5010,5486],{"lat":5487,"lon":5488,"zoom":5082},"2.22","101.91",[51,5490,5425],{"id":5424},[11,5492,5493,5496],{},[14,5494,5495],{},"インド洋と南支那海を結ぶ最短経路",[14,5497,5498,5499],{},"最も狭い場所（シンガポール海峡付近のアラス海峡）は幅わずか2.8km\n",[11,5500,5501],{},[14,5502,5503],{},"過密，航行の難所",[51,5505,5507],{"id":5506},"_2-貿易","2. 貿易",[11,5509,5510,5513,5521,5532,5543],{},[14,5511,5512],{},"東アジア諸国が輸入する石油の大半が通る",[14,5514,5515,5516],{},"マラッカ王国（15cごろ繁栄）が海峡を支配，中継貿易拠点として繁栄\n",[11,5517,5518],{},[14,5519,5520],{},"ヨーロッパ列強による植民地争奪戦の舞台に",[14,5522,5523,5524],{},"シンガポールに近い\n",[11,5525,5526,5529],{},[14,5527,5528],{},"自由港のため輸入関税がかからない",[14,5530,5531],{},"物流のハブ",[14,5533,5534,5535],{},"海賊問題\n",[11,5536,5537,5540],{},[14,5538,5539],{},"狭い場所で速度を落とす船を狙う",[14,5541,5542],{},"周辺国が共同警備",[14,5544,5545,5546],{},"衝突・座礁リスク\n",[11,5547,5548,5551],{},[14,5549,5550],{},"水深が浅い場所がある",[14,5552,5553,5554,5556],{},"大型船は",[236,5555,5409],{"href":5475},"に迂回する場合がある",{"title":108,"searchDepth":109,"depth":109,"links":5558},[5559,5560],{"id":5424,"depth":109,"text":5425},{"id":5506,"depth":109,"text":5507},"マレー半島とスマトラ島を隔てる，全長900kmの国際海峡．",{},"\u002Fdict\u002Fstrait\u002Fmalacca",{"title":5326,"description":5561},"dict\u002Fstrait\u002Fmalacca\u002Findex","nseprJ6K0XdyOt6QFai-blDQX7Hxwr7VHDO2AQpJkCE","\u002Fcontent\u002Fstrait\u002Fmalacca",{"id":5569,"title":5570,"body":5571,"category":112,"description":108,"draft":113,"extension":114,"meta":5758,"navigation":116,"path":5759,"seo":5760,"stem":5761,"__hash__":5762,"actualPath":5763},"dictionary\u002Fdict\u002Fsu\u002Findex.md","ソビエト連邦",{"type":8,"value":5572,"toc":5749},[5573,5575,5595,5597,5697,5701,5715,5719,5722,5730,5733],[51,5574,222],{"id":221},[11,5576,5577,5580,5583,5589,5592],{},[14,5578,5579],{},"正式名称：ソビエト社会主義共和国連邦",[14,5581,5582],{},"略称：ソ連",[14,5584,5585,5586,5588],{},"面積：2240万km",[24,5587,26],{},"［戦後］",[14,5590,5591],{},"人口：2億9304万人［1991］",[14,5593,5594],{},"1991年に崩壊",[51,5596,1726],{"id":1725},[11,5598,5599,5617,5620,5628,5645,5664,5675,5686,5689],{},[14,5600,5601,5602],{},"［1922］ロシア革命により，世界初の社会主義国として成立\n",[11,5603,5604,5607,5614],{},[14,5605,5606],{},"15の共和国からなる連邦国家",[14,5608,5609,5610,5613],{},"レーニンにより，マルクス主義の理論を具体的に発展させた，",[420,5611,5612],{},"マルクス・レーニン主義","を実施",[14,5615,5616],{},"プロレタリア独裁と，そのための前衛党を重視",[14,5618,5619],{},"［1924］最初の憲法が制定",[14,5621,5622,5623],{},"［1924］レーニン死去\n",[11,5624,5625],{},[14,5626,5627],{},"スターリンに政権を継がせてはならないと遺言していたという",[14,5629,5630,5631],{},"［1924］スターリンが政権を掌握\n",[11,5632,5633,5636,5639,5642],{},[14,5634,5635],{},"反対派の弾圧",[14,5637,5638],{},"計画経済の確立",[14,5640,5641],{},"人為的な飢饉",[14,5643,5644],{},"収容所制度の拡大",[14,5646,5647,5648],{},"第二次世界大戦\n",[11,5649,5650,5653,5656],{},[14,5651,5652],{},"ナチス・ドイツと不可侵条約を結ぶ",[14,5654,5655],{},"ポーランドなど東欧諸国に侵攻",[14,5657,5658,5659],{},"独ソ戦開始 → ソ連（赤軍）が勝利\n",[11,5660,5661],{},[14,5662,5663],{},"赤軍占領地域はのちソ連の衛星国となる",[14,5665,5666,5667],{},"［1953］スターリン死去，フルシチョフが政権を握る\n",[11,5668,5669,5672],{},[14,5670,5671],{},"非スターリン化",[14,5673,5674],{},"宇宙開発",[14,5676,5677,5678],{},"［80年代半ば］ゴルバチョフ指導の下，自由化の動きが高まる\n",[11,5679,5680,5683],{},[14,5681,5682],{},"ペレストロイカ：改革",[14,5684,5685],{},"グラスノスチ：情報公開",[14,5687,5688],{},"［1991］バルト三国が分離独立",[14,5690,5691,5692],{},"［1991年末］ソ連解体\n",[11,5693,5694],{},[14,5695,5696],{},"バルト三国以外の12ヶ国でCIS（独立国家共同体）を結成",[51,5698,5700],{"id":5699},"_3-農業集団的な農業","3. 農業：集団的な農業",[11,5702,5703,5706,5709,5712],{},[14,5704,5705],{},"コルホーズ：集団農場",[14,5707,5708],{},"ソフホーズ：国営農場",[14,5710,5711],{},"生産意欲の低下",[14,5713,5714],{},"干魃・冷害などで農業生産は不安定",[51,5716,5718],{"id":5717},"_4-鉱工業","4. 鉱工業",[307,5720,5721],{"id":5721},"減量立地型",[11,5723,5724,5727],{},[14,5725,5726],{},"コンビナート方式：離れた地域の資源を鉄道やパイプラインで結びつけて工業化",[14,5728,5729],{},"コンプレックス：地域内で産出する資源を利用した工業化",[307,5731,5732],{"id":5732},"問題点",[11,5734,5735,5743,5746],{},[14,5736,5737,5738],{},"軍需物資の生産（重化学工業）に偏重\n",[11,5739,5740],{},[14,5741,5742],{},"生活物資の不足",[14,5744,5745],{},"先端技術産業などの立ち遅れ",[14,5747,5748],{},"環境破壊",{"title":108,"searchDepth":109,"depth":109,"links":5750},[5751,5752,5753,5754],{"id":221,"depth":109,"text":222},{"id":1725,"depth":109,"text":1726},{"id":5699,"depth":109,"text":5700},{"id":5717,"depth":109,"text":5718,"children":5755},[5756,5757],{"id":5721,"depth":395,"text":5721},{"id":5732,"depth":395,"text":5732},{},"\u002Fdict\u002Fsu",{"title":5570,"description":108},"dict\u002Fsu\u002Findex","HNSfd43YYUdL_hzk1m_rQeDRHsUeJkJt7k0SMHZekxQ","\u002Fcontent\u002Fsu",{"id":5765,"title":3320,"body":5766,"category":112,"description":108,"draft":113,"extension":114,"meta":7306,"navigation":116,"path":7307,"seo":7308,"stem":7309,"__hash__":7310,"actualPath":7311},"dictionary\u002Fdict\u002Fus\u002Findex.md",{"type":8,"value":5767,"toc":7283},[5768,5770,6012,6014,6107,6111,6114,6127,6130,6166,6169,6207,6210,6229,6232,6240,6243,6248,6250,6253,6368,6370,6402,6405,6408,6438,6441,6472,6475,6499,6502,6509,6525,6528,6547,6550,6567,6570,6602,6606,6630,6634,6676,6680,6704,6707,6731,6734,6738,6752,6755,6771,6775,6777,6910,6913,6916,6946,6949,6954,6957,6970,6973,6977,6980,6988,6991,6994,7018,7021,7026,7028,7041,7044,7089,7092,7097,7100,7135,7139,7163,7166,7203,7206,7214,7217],[51,5769,222],{"id":221},[11,5771,5772,5775,5778,5786,5905,6006,6009],{},[14,5773,5774],{},"正式名称：アメリカ合衆国",[14,5776,5777],{},"略称：米国",[14,5779,5780,5781],{},"首都：ワシントンD.C.\n",[11,5782,5783],{},[14,5784,5785],{},"D.C. は，コロンビア特別区の略称",[14,5787,5788,5789],{},"面積： ",[5790,5791,5794,5836],"span",{"className":5792},[5793],"katex",[5790,5795,5798],{"className":5796},[5797],"katex-mathml",[5799,5800,5802],"math",{"xmlns":5801},"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.w3.org\u002F1998\u002FMath\u002FMathML",[5803,5804,5805,5831],"semantics",{},[5806,5807,5808,5812],"mrow",{},[5809,5810,5811],"mn",{},"983.4",[5806,5813,5814,5818,5823],{},[5815,5816,5817],"mtext",{},"万",[5819,5820,5822],"mi",{"mathvariant":5821},"normal","k",[5824,5825,5826,5829],"msup",{},[5819,5827,5828],{"mathvariant":5821},"m",[5809,5830,26],{},[5832,5833,5835],"annotation",{"encoding":5834},"application\u002Fx-tex","983.4 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\\mathrm{人 \u002F km^2}",[5790,5951,5953],{"className":5952,"ariaHidden":5840},[5839],[5790,5954,5956,5960,5963],{"className":5955},[5844],[5790,5957],{"className":5958,"style":5959},[5848],"height:1.0641em;vertical-align:-0.25em;",[5790,5961,5930],{"className":5962},[5853],[5790,5964,5966,5969,5973],{"className":5965},[5853],[5790,5967,5935],{"className":5968},[5853,5860,5861],[5790,5970,5972],{"className":5971},[5853,5860],"\u002Fk",[5790,5974,5976,5979],{"className":5975},[5853],[5790,5977,5828],{"className":5978},[5853,5860],[5790,5980,5982],{"className":5981},[5874],[5790,5983,5985],{"className":5984},[5878],[5790,5986,5988],{"className":5987},[5882],[5790,5989,5991],{"className":5990,"style":5849},[5886],[5790,5992,5993,5996],{"style":5889},[5790,5994],{"className":5995,"style":5894},[5893],[5790,5997,5999],{"className":5998},[5898,5899,5900,5901],[5790,6000,26],{"className":6001},[5853,5860,5901]," ［2023］",[14,6004,6005],{},"移民の出生率が高い",[14,6007,6008],{},"GDP：273,609億USD［2023］",[14,6010,6011],{},"GNI：268,945億USD／80,300USD\u002F人［2023］",[51,6013,1726],{"id":1725},[11,6015,6016,6032,6052,6072,6085,6093,6096,6104],{},[14,6017,6018,6019],{},"先住民（ネイティブアメリカン）：モンゴロイド\n",[11,6020,6021,6024],{},[14,6022,6023],{},"インディアン",[14,6025,6026,6027],{},"イヌイット（エスキモー）：北極海沿岸で，アザラシやトナカイの狩猟生活\n",[11,6028,6029],{},[14,6030,6031],{},"グリーンランド，アラスカ，カナダ，ロシア北部などに居住",[14,6033,6034,6035],{},"［16世紀前半］ヨーロッパからの移民が開始\n",[11,6036,6037,6042,6047],{},[14,6038,6039,6041],{},[236,6040,322],{"href":321},"人：北東（カナダ）から",[14,6043,6044,6046],{},[236,6045,1458],{"href":1457},"人：東から",[14,6048,6049,6051],{},[236,6050,1574],{"href":1690},"人：南（メキシコ）から",[14,6053,6054,6055],{},"［1776］東部13州がイギリスから独立\n",[11,6056,6057,6060,6063,6066,6069],{},[14,6058,6059],{},"国旗の縞模様の数",[14,6061,6062],{},"その後，アパラチア山脈を超えて内陸へ",[14,6064,6065],{},"開拓前線（フロンティア）：西へ",[14,6067,6068],{},"英・仏・メキシコなどから領土の買収や併合を重ねる",[14,6070,6071],{},"［19c半ば］太平洋岸に到達",[14,6073,6074,6075],{},"［1785］公有地条例\n",[11,6076,6077],{},[14,6078,6079,6080],{},"タウンシップ制：アパラチア山脈以西\n",[11,6081,6082],{},[14,6083,6084],{},"公有地を碁盤の目上に区画",[14,6086,6087,6088],{},"［1862］ホームステッド法\n",[11,6089,6090],{},[14,6091,6092],{},"21歳以上の入植者の世帯主が５年間定住して耕作すれば，土地を無償で与える",[14,6094,6095],{},"［1867］アラスカをロシアから買収",[14,6097,6098,6099],{},"［1869］大陸横断鉄道 開通\n",[11,6100,6101],{},[14,6102,6103],{},"ネイティブアメリカンの迫害",[14,6105,6106],{},"［1898］ハワイを併合",[51,6108,6110],{"id":6109},"_3-民族と人種の問題","3. 民族と人種の問題",[307,6112,6113],{"id":6113},"人種のサラダボウル",[11,6115,6116,6119],{},[14,6117,6118],{},"多民族でありながら，各民族が混ざり合う（混血）ことなく共存する様子を表現",[14,6120,6121,6122],{},"セグリゲーション：民族や社会階層により居住地が分化\n",[11,6123,6124],{},[14,6125,6126],{},"特に大都市で",[307,6128,6129],{"id":6129},"白人",[11,6131,6132,6143],{},[14,6133,6134,6135],{},"WASP：White Anglo-Saxon Protestants\n",[11,6136,6137,6140],{},[14,6138,6139],{},"建国をになったイギリス系白人",[14,6141,6142],{},"政治・経済的に上層を占めてきた",[14,6144,6145,6146],{},"19世紀以降，ヨーロッパ各地から移民\n",[11,6147,6148,6153,6157],{},[14,6149,6150,6152],{},[236,6151,317],{"href":316},"系",[14,6154,6155,6152],{},[236,6156,1458],{"href":1457},[14,6158,6159,6161,6162,6165],{},[236,6160,1795],{"href":1794},"系：",[236,6163,3284],{"href":6164},"\u002Fcontent\u002Fdict\u002Fie\u002Fgreat_famine\u002Findex.md","で移住",[307,6167,6168],{"id":6168},"黒人",[11,6170,6171,6174,6177,6185,6193],{},[14,6172,6173],{},"18世紀末より，南部の農園労働者として，アフリカから黒人奴隷が多く流入（奴隷貿易）",[14,6175,6176],{},"［1863，南北戦争後］奴隷解放",[14,6178,6179,6180],{},"［1964］公民権法\n",[11,6181,6182],{},[14,6183,6184],{},"法的には人種差別を撤廃",[14,6186,6187,6188],{},"南部の綿花地帯などに多い\n",[11,6189,6190],{},[14,6191,6192],{},"ミシシッピ川下流域からアパラチア山脈南部にかけて",[14,6194,6195,6196],{},"雇用が多い場所にも黒人居住者が多い\n",[11,6197,6198,6201,6204],{},[14,6199,6200],{},"五大湖周辺",[14,6202,6203],{},"メガロポリス",[14,6205,6206],{},"工業化が早かったので",[307,6208,6209],{"id":6209},"ヒスパニック",[11,6211,6212,6226],{},[14,6213,6214,6215],{},"スペイン語圏からの移住者\n",[11,6216,6217,6220,6223],{},[14,6218,6219],{},"メキシコ",[14,6221,6222],{},"キューバ",[14,6224,6225],{},"プエルトリコ",[14,6227,6228],{},"フロリダ州（カリブ海に面する）とメキシコに接する州に多い",[307,6230,6231],{"id":6231},"アジア系",[11,6233,6234,6237],{},[14,6235,6236],{},"20世紀後半，フィリピン・中国・ベトナム・インドなどから移住",[14,6238,6239],{},"カリフォルニア州，ハワイ州（日系・フィリピン系）に多い",[307,6241,6242],{"id":6242},"先住民",[11,6244,6245],{},[14,6246,6247],{},"インディアン居住地：ミシシッピ川以西に設けられた",[51,6249,3677],{"id":3676},[307,6251,6252],{"id":6252},"機械化された大規模経営",[11,6254,6255,6258,6354,6357],{},[14,6256,6257],{},"企業的",[14,6259,6260,6261,6306,6307],{},"農民一人当たり耕地面積が大きい： ",[5790,6262,6264,6286],{"className":6263},[5793],[5790,6265,6267],{"className":6266},[5797],[5799,6268,6269],{"xmlns":5801},[5803,6270,6271,6283],{},[5806,6272,6273,6276],{},[5809,6274,6275],{},"58.05",[5806,6277,6278,6281],{},[5819,6279,6280],{"mathvariant":5821},"h",[5819,6282,236],{"mathvariant":5821},[5832,6284,6285],{"encoding":5834},"58.05 \\mathrm{ha}",[5790,6287,6289],{"className":6288,"ariaHidden":5840},[5839],[5790,6290,6292,6296,6299],{"className":6291},[5844],[5790,6293],{"className":6294,"style":6295},[5848],"height:0.6944em;",[5790,6297,6275],{"className":6298},[5853],[5790,6300,6302],{"className":6301},[5853],[5790,6303,6305],{"className":6304},[5853,5860],"ha"," ［2022］\n",[11,6308,6309],{},[14,6310,6311,6312],{},"日本は ",[5790,6313,6315,6336],{"className":6314},[5793],[5790,6316,6318],{"className":6317},[5797],[5799,6319,6320],{"xmlns":5801},[5803,6321,6322,6333],{},[5806,6323,6324,6327],{},[5809,6325,6326],{},"1.81",[5806,6328,6329,6331],{},[5819,6330,6280],{"mathvariant":5821},[5819,6332,236],{"mathvariant":5821},[5832,6334,6335],{"encoding":5834},"1.81 \\mathrm{ha}",[5790,6337,6339],{"className":6338,"ariaHidden":5840},[5839],[5790,6340,6342,6345,6348],{"className":6341},[5844],[5790,6343],{"className":6344,"style":6295},[5848],[5790,6346,6326],{"className":6347},[5853],[5790,6349,6351],{"className":6350},[5853],[5790,6352,6305],{"className":6353},[5853,5860],[14,6355,6356],{},"開拓を担った家族経営は減少",[14,6358,6359,6360],{},"穀物メジャー：カーギルなど，穀物の集荷・貯蔵・運搬などを行う民間企業\n",[11,6361,6362,6365],{},[14,6363,6364],{},"アグリビジネス：農業関連産業",[14,6366,6367],{},"農家への支配",[307,6369,5732],{"id":5732},[11,6371,6372,6383,6399],{},[14,6373,6374,6375],{},"過剰耕作による土壌侵食\n",[11,6376,6377,6380],{},[14,6378,6379],{},"ダストボウル・Black Blizzard",[14,6381,6382],{},"等高線耕作で対策",[14,6384,6385,6386],{},"センターピボット灌漑：オガララ帯水層を利用\n",[11,6387,6388],{},[14,6389,6390,6391],{},"過剰揚水による地下水の枯渇\n",[11,6392,6393,6396],{},[14,6394,6395],{},"地盤沈下",[14,6397,6398],{},"塩害",[14,6400,6401],{},"遺伝子組み換え作物",[307,6403,6404],{"id":6404},"農産物",[281,6406,6407],{},"統計は2024〜25年",[11,6409,6410,6424],{},[14,6411,6412,6413],{},"小麦：生産４位\n",[11,6414,6415,6418,6421],{},[14,6416,6417],{},"ノースダコタ州",[14,6419,6420],{},"カンザス州",[14,6422,6423],{},"モンタナ州",[14,6425,6426,6427],{},"綿花：生産４位\n",[11,6428,6429,6432,6435],{},[14,6430,6431],{},"テキサス州",[14,6433,6434],{},"ジョージア州",[14,6436,6437],{},"アーカンソー州",[653,6439,6440],{"id":6440},"飼料作物",[11,6442,6443,6460],{},[14,6444,6445,6446],{},"とうもろこし：生産１位，世界シェア33%\n",[11,6447,6448,6451,6454,6457],{},[14,6449,6450],{},"アイオワ州",[14,6452,6453],{},"イリノイ州",[14,6455,6456],{},"ネブラスカ州",[14,6458,6459],{},"近年増加中：バイオ燃料への利用",[14,6461,6462,6463],{},"大豆：生産２位（１位はブラジル）\n",[11,6464,6465,6467,6469],{},[14,6466,6453],{},[14,6468,6450],{},[14,6470,6471],{},"ミネソタ州",[653,6473,6474],{"id":6474},"畜産物",[11,6476,6477,6488],{},[14,6478,6479,6480],{},"牛肉：生産２位（１位はブラジル，僅差）\n",[11,6481,6482,6484,6486],{},[14,6483,6431],{},[14,6485,6456],{},[14,6487,6420],{},[14,6489,6490,6491],{},"豚肉：生産２位（１位は中国）\n",[11,6492,6493,6495,6497],{},[14,6494,6450],{},[14,6496,6471],{},[14,6498,6420],{},[307,6500,6501],{"id":6501},"農業地域",[281,6503,6504],{},[6505,6506],"img",{"alt":6507,"src":6508},"農業地域地図（Geminiで作成）","\u002Fpublic\u002FcontentImg\u002Fus\u002FGemini_Generated_AgricultureMap.png",[11,6510,6511,6522],{},[14,6512,6513,6514],{},"年降水量500mmの統降水量線：西経100度線付近\n",[11,6515,6516,6519],{},[14,6517,6518],{},"畑作と牧畜の境界",[14,6520,6521],{},"小麦の生産地",[14,6523,6524],{},"適地適作の傾向",[653,6526,6527],{"id":6527},"酪農地域",[11,6529,6530,6538,6541,6544],{},[14,6531,6532,6533],{},"五大湖周辺〜ニューイングランド地方\n",[11,6534,6535],{},[14,6536,6537],{},"ウィスコンシン州",[14,6539,6540],{},"冷涼な気候",[14,6542,6543],{},"氷食を受けた痩せ地",[14,6545,6546],{},"大都市への近さ",[653,6548,6549],{"id":6549},"春小麦地帯",[11,6551,6552,6559,6562,6565],{},[14,6553,6554,6555],{},"プレーリー北西部\n",[11,6556,6557],{},[14,6558,6417],{},[14,6560,6561],{},"年降水量500mm前後",[14,6563,6564],{},"冷涼",[14,6566,6257],{},[653,6568,6569],{"id":6569},"冬小麦地帯",[11,6571,6572,6579,6587,6589,6592,6594],{},[14,6573,6574,6575],{},"プレーリー中央部\n",[11,6576,6577],{},[14,6578,6420],{},[14,6580,6581,6582],{},"コロンビア盆地\n",[11,6583,6584],{},[14,6585,6586],{},"ワシントン州",[14,6588,6561],{},[14,6590,6591],{},"温暖",[14,6593,6257],{},[14,6595,6596,6597],{},"CVA（総合開発）でで栽培拡大\n",[11,6598,6599],{},[14,6600,6601],{},"コロンビア側流域",[653,6603,6605],{"id":6604},"コーンベルトとうもろこし地帯","コーンベルト（とうもろこし地帯）",[11,6607,6608,6617],{},[14,6609,6610,6611],{},"五大湖南側のプレーリー\n",[11,6612,6613,6615],{},[14,6614,6450],{},[14,6616,6453],{},[14,6618,1268,6619],{},[11,6620,6621,6624,6627],{},[14,6622,6623],{},"とうもろこし，大豆 → 資料用",[14,6625,6626],{},"豚，肉牛などを飼育",[14,6628,6629],{},"近年は西部へ",[653,6631,6633],{"id":6632},"コットンベルト綿花地帯","コットンベルト（綿花地帯）",[11,6635,6636,6646,6657,6668],{},[14,6637,2319,6638],{},[11,6639,6640,6643],{},[14,6641,6642],{},"無霜期間200日が北限",[14,6644,6645],{},"ジョージア州〜ルイジアナ州",[14,6647,6648,6649],{},"プランテーション農業から発展\n",[11,6650,6651,6654],{},[14,6652,6653],{},"温暖な気候",[14,6655,6656],{},"かつて黒人奴隷を利用",[14,6658,6659,6660],{},"近年は作物の多角化\n",[11,6661,6662,6665],{},[14,6663,6664],{},"連作障害",[14,6666,6667],{},"土壌侵食",[14,6669,6670,6671],{},"栽培の中心は西へ\n",[11,6672,6673],{},[14,6674,6675],{},"テキサス州，カリフォルニア州など → 灌漑農業",[653,6677,6679],{"id":6678},"放牧灌漑農業地帯","放牧・灌漑農業地帯",[11,6681,6682,6690,6693,6696],{},[14,6683,6684,6685],{},"西経100度以西\n",[11,6686,6687],{},[14,6688,6689],{},"グレートプレーンズ〜グレートベーズン",[14,6691,6692],{},"大規模経営による肉牛の牧畜",[14,6694,6695],{},"出荷前はフィードロットで肥育",[14,6697,6698,6699],{},"飼料用にとうもろこしなどなど栽培\n",[11,6700,6701],{},[14,6702,6703],{},"センターピボット灌漑",[653,6705,6706],{"id":6706},"地中海農業地帯",[11,6708,6709,6717,6728],{},[14,6710,6711,6712],{},"カリフォルニア州\n",[11,6713,6714],{},[14,6715,6716],{},"セントラルヴァレーを中心",[14,6718,6719,6720],{},"雪解け水による灌漑\n",[11,6721,6722,6725],{},[14,6723,6724],{},"果樹，野菜などの栽培",[14,6726,6727],{},"稲作",[14,6729,6730],{},"メキシコ人労働者",[653,6732,6733],{"id":6733},"園芸農業",[6735,6736,6737],"h5",{"id":6737},"近郊農業",[11,6739,6740,6743,6746,6749],{},[14,6741,6742],{},"メガロポリス周辺",[14,6744,6745],{},"都市居住者向け",[14,6747,6748],{},"集約的",[14,6750,6751],{},"野菜・花卉の栽培",[6735,6753,6754],{"id":6754},"輸送園芸農業",[11,6756,6757,6760,6763],{},[14,6758,6759],{},"フロリダ州〜メキシコ湾岸",[14,6761,6762],{},"温暖な気候を利用",[14,6764,6765,6766],{},"大都市向けの野菜を生産\n",[11,6767,6768],{},[14,6769,6770],{},"輸送手段の発達による",[51,6772,6774],{"id":6773},"_5-鉱工業","5. 鉱工業",[307,6776,2989],{"id":2989},[11,6778,6779,6817,6820,6823,6868,6871],{},[14,6780,6781,6782],{},"［18世紀末〜］産業革命\n",[11,6783,6784,6792,6806],{},[14,6785,6786,6787],{},"サミュエル・スレーター：「アメリカ産業革命の父」\n",[11,6788,6789],{},[14,6790,6791],{},"イギリスの紡績技術を記憶を頼りにアメリカで再現",[14,6793,6794,6795],{},"北東部の工業化\n",[11,6796,6797,6800,6803],{},[14,6798,6799],{},"豊かな水力と労働力",[14,6801,6802],{},"ボストン・マサチューセッツ州",[14,6804,6805],{},"南部の滝線都市へ",[14,6807,6808,6809],{},"互換性部品方式\n",[11,6810,6811,6814],{},[14,6812,6813],{},"銃器製造における部品の規格化",[14,6815,6816],{},"のち大量生産へ",[14,6818,6819],{},"［1860年代］南北戦争，重化学工業への転換",[14,6821,6822],{},"［1869］大陸横断鉄道開通",[14,6824,6825,6826],{},"製造業ベルトの発達（五大湖沿岸）\n",[11,6827,6828,6842,6845,6848,6851],{},[14,6829,6830,6831],{},"豊富な資源\n",[11,6832,6833,6836,6839],{},[14,6834,6835],{},"アパラチア炭田",[14,6837,6838],{},"メサビ鉄山",[14,6840,6841],{},"五大湖の水運",[14,6843,6844],{},"ピッツバーグ：鉄鋼",[14,6846,6847],{},"デトロイト：機械",[14,6849,6850],{},"世界最大の重工業地帯へ",[14,6852,6853,6854],{},"［1970年以降］衰退，ラストベルト（フロストベルト）と呼ばれる\n",[11,6855,6856,6859,6862,6865],{},[14,6857,6858],{},"アジア新興国の台頭",[14,6860,6861],{},"賃金高騰",[14,6863,6864],{},"資源の劣化・枯渇",[14,6866,6867],{},"設備の老朽化",[14,6869,6870],{},"［1960年代］エネルギー革命",[14,6872,6873,6874],{},"［1970年代］サンベルトの台頭\n",[11,6875,6876,6879,6881,6884,6887,6895,6903,6905,6908],{},[14,6877,6878],{},"北緯37度以南",[14,6880,6653],{},[14,6882,6883],{},"原油・天然ガス産出",[14,6885,6886],{},"安価な工業用地",[14,6888,6889,6890],{},"低賃金労働力\n",[11,6891,6892],{},[14,6893,6894],{},"ヒスパニック（移民）",[14,6896,6897,6898],{},"州政府・連邦政府の誘致政策\n",[11,6899,6900],{},[14,6901,6902],{},"カリフォルニア・テキサスなど",[14,6904,2343],{},[14,6906,6907],{},"航空宇宙産業",[14,6909,4890],{},[307,6911,6912],{"id":6912},"鉱産資源",[653,6914,6915],{"id":6915},"原油",[11,6917,6918,6921,6924,6927,6935],{},[14,6919,6920],{},"世界生産１位［2022］",[14,6922,6923],{},"メキシコ湾岸",[14,6925,6926],{},"カリフォルニア州",[14,6928,6929,6930],{},"プルドーベイ油田\n",[11,6931,6932],{},[14,6933,6934],{},"アネクメーネ中のエクメーネ：北極海沿岸の厳しい環境",[14,6936,6937,6938],{},"シェールオイル：超軽質原油\n",[11,6939,6940,6943],{},[14,6941,6942],{},"重質重油（サウジアラビア，ベネズエラなどから輸入）とのブレンド",[14,6944,6945],{},"環境への影響の懸念",[653,6947,6948],{"id":6948},"天然ガス",[11,6950,6951],{},[14,6952,6953],{},"世界生産１位［2023］",[653,6955,6956],{"id":6956},"石炭",[11,6958,6959,6962,6964,6967],{},[14,6960,6961],{},"世界生産６位［2021］",[14,6963,6835],{},[14,6965,6966],{},"イリノイ炭田",[14,6968,6969],{},"ワイオミング州：近年増加",[653,6971,6972],{"id":6972},"鉄鉱石",[11,6974,6975],{},[14,6976,6838],{},[653,6978,6979],{"id":6979},"銅鉱",[11,6981,6982,6985],{},[14,6983,6984],{},"ビンガム",[14,6986,6987],{},"ビュート",[307,6989,6990],{"id":6990},"工業地域",[653,6992,6993],{"id":6993},"ニューイングランド地方",[11,6995,6996,7004],{},[14,6997,6998,6999],{},"アメリカ産業発祥の地\n",[11,7000,7001],{},[14,7002,7003],{},"市場立地型の綿工業から始まる",[14,7005,7006,7007],{},"エレクトロニクスハイウェー\n",[11,7008,7009,7012,7015],{},[14,7010,7011],{},"ボストン周辺",[14,7013,7014],{},"大学・研究機関の集積",[14,7016,7017],{},"先端技術産業が発達",[6735,7019,7020],{"id":7020},"都市",[11,7022,7023],{},[14,7024,7025],{},"ボストン：エレクトロニクス産業",[653,7027,6200],{"id":6200},[11,7029,7030,7033,7035,7038],{},[14,7031,7032],{},"アパラチア炭田，メサビ鉄山",[14,7034,6841],{},[14,7036,7037],{},"ラストベルト（フロストベルト）：産業構造転換の遅れ",[14,7039,7040],{},"近年先端技術産業が集積",[6735,7042,7020],{"id":7043},"都市-1",[11,7045,7046,7056,7067],{},[14,7047,7048,7049],{},"ピッツバーグ\n",[11,7050,7051,7053],{},[14,7052,2332],{},[14,7054,7055],{},"近年ハイテク産業も",[14,7057,7058,7059],{},"デトロイト\n",[11,7060,7061,7064],{},[14,7062,7063],{},"自動車工業",[14,7065,7066],{},"近年衰退，貧困率上昇",[14,7068,7069,7070],{},"シカゴ\n",[11,7071,7072,7075],{},[14,7073,7074],{},"第三の都市",[14,7076,7077,7078],{},"アグリビジネス\n",[11,7079,7080,7083,7086],{},[14,7081,7082],{},"農産物の集散地",[14,7084,7085],{},"食品工業",[14,7087,7088],{},"農業機械工業",[653,7090,7091],{"id":7091},"大西洋岸",[11,7093,7094],{},[14,7095,7096],{},"大消費地メガロポリスを背景に発達",[6735,7098,7020],{"id":7099},"都市-2",[11,7101,7102,7119,7132],{},[14,7103,7104,7105],{},"ニューヨーク\n",[11,7106,7107,7113,7116],{},[14,7108,7109,7112],{},[236,7110,2854],{"href":7111},"\u002Fcontent\u002Fdict\u002Fgb\u002Findex.md#%E3%83%AD%E3%83%B3%E3%83%89%E3%83%B3","・マカオと共に国際金融の中心",[14,7114,7115],{},"総合工業地域",[14,7117,7118],{},"出版・印刷業",[14,7120,7121,7122],{},"ボルティモア\n",[11,7123,7124],{},[14,7125,7126,7127],{},"臨海立地の鉄鋼業\n",[11,7128,7129],{},[14,7130,7131],{},"郊外スパローズポイントの鉄鋼所は閉鎖",[14,7133,7134],{},"フィラデルフィア：旧首都",[653,7136,7138],{"id":7137},"サンベルト南部","サンベルト（南部）",[11,7140,7141,7144,7147],{},[14,7142,7143],{},"戦前は，アトランタなど滝線都市で綿工業が発達",[14,7145,7146],{},"メキシコ湾岸の原油で発達",[14,7148,7149,7150],{},"エレクトロニクスベルト\n",[11,7151,7152,7160],{},[14,7153,7154,7155],{},"フロリダ半島中部\n",[11,7156,7157],{},[14,7158,7159],{},"オーランドなど",[14,7161,7162],{},"近年成長",[6735,7164,7020],{"id":7165},"都市-3",[11,7167,7168,7179,7190],{},[14,7169,7170,7171],{},"ヒューストン\n",[11,7172,7173,7176],{},[14,7174,7175],{},"石油化学",[14,7177,7178],{},"航空宇宙",[14,7180,7181,7182],{},"ダラス\n",[11,7183,7184,7187],{},[14,7185,7186],{},"近隣フォートワースと共に先端技術産業が発達",[14,7188,7189],{},"シリコンプレーンとよばれる",[14,7191,7192,7193],{},"ニューオーリンズ\n",[11,7194,7195,7198,7201],{},[14,7196,7197],{},"ミシシッピ川河口",[14,7199,7200],{},"農産物の輸出港",[14,7202,2343],{},[653,7204,7205],{"id":7205},"太平洋岸",[11,7207,7208,7211],{},[14,7209,7210],{},"南部：カリフォルニア油田 → 石油化学工業が発達",[14,7212,7213],{},"ワシントン州：森林資源 → 製材，製紙・パルプ工業",[6735,7215,7020],{"id":7216},"都市-4",[11,7218,7219,7230,7248,7262,7277,7280],{},[14,7220,7221,7222],{},"シアトル\n",[11,7223,7224,7227],{},[14,7225,7226],{},"航空機産業：ボーイング，民間機",[14,7228,7229],{},"木材・製紙",[14,7231,7232,7233],{},"ロサンゼルス：第二の都市\n",[11,7234,7235,7237,7240],{},[14,7236,2343],{},[14,7238,7239],{},"航空機工業：ダグラス → のちボーイングに吸収",[14,7241,7242,7243],{},"映画産業\n",[11,7244,7245],{},[14,7246,7247],{},"ハリウッド",[14,7249,7250,7251],{},"サンフランシスコ\n",[11,7252,7253,7256,7259],{},[14,7254,7255],{},"港湾都市",[14,7257,7258],{},"造船",[14,7260,7261],{},"金融業",[14,7263,7264,7265],{},"サンノゼ\n",[11,7266,7267,7269],{},[14,7268,4890],{},[14,7270,7271,7272],{},"シリコンヴァレー\n",[11,7273,7274],{},[14,7275,7276],{},"カフェ文化：起業・投資・技術議論の場",[14,7278,7279],{},"デンヴァー：シリコンマウンテン",[14,7281,7282],{},"フェニックス：シリコンデザート",{"title":108,"searchDepth":109,"depth":109,"links":7284},[7285,7286,7287,7295,7301],{"id":221,"depth":109,"text":222},{"id":1725,"depth":109,"text":1726},{"id":6109,"depth":109,"text":6110,"children":7288},[7289,7290,7291,7292,7293,7294],{"id":6113,"depth":395,"text":6113},{"id":6129,"depth":395,"text":6129},{"id":6168,"depth":395,"text":6168},{"id":6209,"depth":395,"text":6209},{"id":6231,"depth":395,"text":6231},{"id":6242,"depth":395,"text":6242},{"id":3676,"depth":109,"text":3677,"children":7296},[7297,7298,7299,7300],{"id":6252,"depth":395,"text":6252},{"id":5732,"depth":395,"text":5732},{"id":6404,"depth":395,"text":6404},{"id":6501,"depth":395,"text":6501},{"id":6773,"depth":109,"text":6774,"children":7302},[7303,7304,7305],{"id":2989,"depth":395,"text":2989},{"id":6912,"depth":395,"text":6912},{"id":6990,"depth":395,"text":6990},{},"\u002Fdict\u002Fus",{"title":3320,"description":108},"dict\u002Fus\u002Findex","nUKIXM1W_uOmEXl5PeDAt-b8IgR9NpsPKyDzJjwyEfc","\u002Fcontent\u002Fus",{"id":478,"title":479,"body":7313,"category":112,"description":108,"draft":113,"extension":114,"meta":7354,"navigation":116,"path":535,"seo":7355,"stem":537,"__hash__":538},{"type":8,"value":7314,"toc":7351},[7315,7317],[51,7316,222],{"id":221},[11,7318,7319,7321,7329,7335,7341],{},[14,7320,488],{},[14,7322,491,7323,494,7325],{},[24,7324,26],{},[11,7326,7327],{},[14,7328,499],{},[14,7330,502,7331],{},[11,7332,7333],{},[14,7334,507],{},[14,7336,510,7337],{},[11,7338,7339],{},[14,7340,515],{},[14,7342,7343,522,7345],{},[236,7344,521],{"href":520},[11,7346,7347],{},[14,7348,7349],{},[236,7350,530],{"href":529},{"title":108,"searchDepth":109,"depth":109,"links":7352},[7353],{"id":221,"depth":109,"text":222},{},{"title":479,"description":108},1783141170453]