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鉄鋼業\n",[11,1573,1574,1577,1580],{},[14,1575,1576],{},"エッセン",[14,1578,1579],{},"ドムトムント",[14,1581,1582],{},"デュースブルク",[14,1584,1585],{},"近年は環境関連産業が発達",[14,1587,1588,1589],{},"ライン川中流域\n",[11,1590,1591,1594],{},[14,1592,1593],{},"フランクフルト（支流のマイン川沿い）：金融の中心",[14,1595,1596],{},"シュツットガルト（支流のネッカー川沿い）：自動車工業",[14,1598,1599,1600],{},"バイエルン\n",[11,1601,1602,1605],{},[14,1603,1604],{},"南東部，ドナウ川流域",[14,1606,1607,1608],{},"ミュンヘン：中心都市\n",[11,1609,1610,1613,1616],{},[14,1611,1612],{},"ビール工業：伝統",[14,1614,1615],{},"自動車産業",[14,1617,1618],{},"エレクトロニクス産業",[14,1620,1621,1622],{},"ザール\n",[11,1623,1624,1627],{},[14,1625,1626],{},"ロレーヌに隣接",[14,1628,1629],{},"ザール炭田 → 鉄鋼業が発達",[14,1631,1632,1633],{},"エルベ川流域\n",[11,1634,1635,1638],{},[14,1636,1637],{},"エスチュアリ",[14,1639,1640],{},"ハンブルク：ドイツ最大の貿易港",[377,1642,1643],{"id":1643},"エネルギー",[11,1645,1646,1649],{},[14,1647,1648],{},"環境問題への関心が高く，再生可能エネルギーの利用が進んでいる",[14,1650,1651],{},"原子力発電なし → 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エネルギー",[11,1732,1733],{},[14,1734,1735,1736],{},"再生可能エネルギーの利用80%以上\n",[11,1737,1738],{},[14,1739,1740],{},"風力発電が送発電量の50%を占める",{"title":108,"searchDepth":109,"depth":109,"links":1742},[1743,1744,1745,1746],{"id":292,"depth":109,"text":293},{"id":962,"depth":109,"text":963},{"id":749,"depth":109,"text":750},{"id":1729,"depth":109,"text":1730},{},"\u002Fdict\u002Fdk",{"title":1673,"description":108},"dict\u002Fdk\u002Findex","SMH56XmWwbcf_H8N66j5eEu1D9kqbuGuO3KqIERCWLI","\u002Fcontent\u002Fdk",{"id":1754,"title":1022,"body":1755,"category":539,"description":108,"draft":113,"extension":114,"meta":2019,"navigation":116,"path":2020,"seo":2021,"stem":2022,"__hash__":2023,"actualPath":1021},"dictionary\u002Fdict\u002Fefta\u002Findex.md",{"type":8,"value":1756,"toc":2010},[1757,1759,1788,1792,1797,1801,1820,1824,1880,1884,1899,1903],[51,1758,293],{"id":292},[11,1760,1761,1764],{},[14,1762,1763],{},"正式名称：欧州自由貿易連合",[14,1765,1766,1767],{},"現加盟国\n",[11,1768,1769,1775,1779,1785],{},[14,1770,1771],{},[307,1772,1774],{"href":1773},"\u002Fcontent\u002Fno","ノルウェー",[14,1776,1777],{},[307,1778,928],{"href":1108},[14,1780,1781],{},[307,1782,1784],{"href":1783},"\u002Fcontent\u002Fis","アイスランド",[14,1786,1787],{},"リヒテンシュタイン",[51,1789,1791],{"id":1790},"_2-euとの関係","2. EUとの関係",[11,1793,1794],{},[14,1795,1796],{},"いずれもEUには非加盟",[377,1798,1800],{"id":1799},"eea欧州経済領域","EEA（欧州経済領域）",[11,1802,1803,1810,1815],{},[14,1804,1805,406,1807,1809],{},[307,1806,1774],{"href":1773},[307,1808,1784],{"href":1783},"，リヒテンシュタインが参加",[14,1811,1812,1814],{},[307,1813,528],{"href":309},"非加盟のままその巨大市場に参加",[14,1816,1817,1819],{},[307,1818,928],{"href":1108},"はEEA不参加も，個別の協定で対応",[377,1821,1823],{"id":1822},"euとeftaの違い","EUとEFTAの違い",[1825,1826,1827,1843],"table",{},[1828,1829,1830],"thead",{},[1831,1832,1833,1838,1841],"tr",{},[1834,1835,1837],"th",{"align":1836},"right","項目",[1834,1839,1022],{"align":1840},"center",[1834,1842,528],{"align":1840},[1844,1845,1846,1858,1869],"tbody",{},[1831,1847,1848,1852,1855],{},[1849,1850,1851],"td",{"align":1836},"超国家的な権力",[1849,1853,1854],{"align":1840},"なし（各国の主権）",[1849,1856,1857],{"align":1840},"あり（EU全体の法律）",[1831,1859,1860,1863,1866],{},[1849,1861,1862],{"align":1836},"共通の通貨",[1849,1864,1865],{"align":1840},"なし（クローネ，フランなど）",[1849,1867,1868],{"align":1840},"あり（ユーロ）",[1831,1870,1871,1874,1877],{},[1849,1872,1873],{"align":1836},"共通の外交政策",[1849,1875,1876],{"align":1840},"なし",[1849,1878,1879],{"align":1840},"あり（EU全体で一括）",[377,1881,1883],{"id":1882},"euに加盟しない理由","EUに加盟しない理由",[11,1885,1886,1894],{},[14,1887,1888,1889,406,1891,1893],{},"漁業の権利を守るため（",[307,1890,1774],{"href":1773},[307,1892,1784],{"href":1783},"）",[14,1895,1896,1897,1893],{},"中立政策を守るため（",[307,1898,928],{"href":1108},[51,1900,1902],{"id":1901},"_3-来歴","3. 来歴",[11,1904,1905,1917,1954,1967,1973,1981,1990,2000],{},[14,1906,1907,1908,1911,1912],{},"EEC設立に対抗するため，",[307,1909,640],{"href":1910},"\u002Fcontent\u002Fgb","が提唱\n",[11,1913,1914],{},[14,1915,1916],{},"主権は制限しないまま，経済の自由化のみ目指す",[14,1918,1919,1920],{},"［1960年］EFTA設立\n",[11,1921,1922,1926,1930,1934,1940,1944,1948],{},[14,1923,1924],{},[307,1925,640],{"href":1910},[14,1927,1928],{},[307,1929,928],{"href":1108},[14,1931,1932],{},[307,1933,1774],{"href":1773},[14,1935,1936],{},[307,1937,1939],{"href":1938},"\u002Fcontent\u002Fse","スウェーデン",[14,1941,1942],{},[307,1943,1673],{"href":1752},[14,1945,1946],{},[307,1947,195],{"href":238},[14,1949,1950],{},[307,1951,1953],{"href":1952},"\u002Fcontent\u002Fpt","ポルトガル",[14,1955,1956,1957,1961,1962],{},"［1961年］",[307,1958,1960],{"href":1959},"\u002Fcontent\u002Ffi","フィンランド","が準加盟国として参加\n",[11,1963,1964],{},[14,1965,1966],{},"ソ連への配慮",[14,1968,1969,1970,1972],{},"［1970年］",[307,1971,1784],{"href":1783},"加盟",[14,1974,1975,1976,406,1978,1980],{},"［1973年］",[307,1977,640],{"href":1910},[307,1979,1673],{"href":1752},"脱退（ECへ）",[14,1982,1983,1984,1986,1987,1989],{},"［1986年］",[307,1985,1953],{"href":1952},"脱退（ECへ），",[307,1988,1960],{"href":1959},"正式加盟",[14,1991,1992,1993],{},"［1991年］リヒテンシュタイン正式加盟\n",[11,1994,1995],{},[14,1996,1997,1999],{},[307,1998,928],{"href":1108},"と関税同盟があり，1960年から事実上加盟状態",[14,2001,2002,2003,406,2005,2007,2008,1980],{},"［1995年］",[307,2004,195],{"href":238},[307,2006,1939],{"href":1938},"、",[307,2009,1960],{"href":1959},{"title":108,"searchDepth":109,"depth":109,"links":2011},[2012,2013,2018],{"id":292,"depth":109,"text":293},{"id":1790,"depth":109,"text":1791,"children":2014},[2015,2016,2017],{"id":1799,"depth":465,"text":1800},{"id":1822,"depth":465,"text":1823},{"id":1882,"depth":465,"text":1883},{"id":1901,"depth":109,"text":1902},{},"\u002Fdict\u002Fefta",{"title":1022,"description":108},"dict\u002Fefta\u002Findex","foz_rZhAvg5yWycKUp5DVekW_XXHx3P_t-Kt4dbM7ZE",{"id":2025,"title":2026,"body":2027,"category":112,"description":108,"draft":113,"extension":114,"meta":2137,"navigation":116,"path":2138,"seo":2139,"stem":2140,"__hash__":2141,"actualPath":2142},"dictionary\u002Fdict\u002Fes\u002Findex.md","スペイン",{"type":8,"value":2028,"toc":2131},[2029,2031,2055,2057,2095,2097,2121,2123],[51,2030,293],{"id":292},[11,2032,2033,2036,2039,2044,2052],{},[14,2034,2035],{},"正式名称：スペイン王国／スペイン国",[14,2037,2038],{},"首都：マドリード",[14,2040,2041,2042,27],{},"面積：50.60万km",[24,2043,26],{},[14,2045,2046,2047],{},"人口：4,808万人［2023］\n",[11,2048,2049],{},[14,2050,2051],{},"増加率：0.04%［2015-20］",[14,2053,2054],{},"GNI：15,564億USD／32,180USD\u002F人［2023］",[51,2056,963],{"id":962},[11,2058,2059,2062,2089,2092],{},[14,2060,2061],{},"多民族国家",[14,2063,2064,2065],{},"複数の分離独立運動\n",[11,2066,2067,2078],{},[14,2068,2069,2070],{},"カタルーニャ地方\n",[11,2071,2072,2075],{},[14,2073,2074],{},"北東部に位置",[14,2076,2077],{},"中心都市：バルセロナ → 自動車工業，観光業（サグラダ・ファミリア）などで経済的に豊か",[14,2079,2080,2081],{},"バスク地方\n",[11,2082,2083,2086],{},[14,2084,2085],{},"フランス国境付近に位置",[14,2087,2088],{},"中心都市：ビルバオ",[14,2090,2091],{},"スペイン語：インド・ヨーロッパ語族ラテン語派",[14,2093,2094],{},"おもにカトリックを信仰",[51,2096,1513],{"id":1512},[11,2098,2099,2107],{},[14,2100,2101,2102],{},"地中海式農業\n",[11,2103,2104],{},[14,2105,2106],{},"オレンジ：輸出世界一",[14,2108,2109,2110],{},"豚\n",[11,2111,2112,2115,2118],{},[14,2113,2114],{},"頭数が世界４位",[14,2116,2117],{},"輸出上位",[14,2119,2120],{},"2025年末，野生イノシシでアフリカ豚熱の発生が確認され，日本は豚肉等の輸入一時停止",[51,2122,1555],{"id":1554},[11,2124,2125,2128],{},[14,2126,2127],{},"ビルバオで鉄山立地型の鉄鋼業が発達 → 現在鉄山は閉山",[14,2129,2130],{},"自動車生産はヨーロッパではドイツに次ぐ ← EU企業の進出による",{"title":108,"searchDepth":109,"depth":109,"links":2132},[2133,2134,2135,2136],{"id":292,"depth":109,"text":293},{"id":962,"depth":109,"text":963},{"id":1512,"depth":109,"text":1513},{"id":1554,"depth":109,"text":1555},{},"\u002Fdict\u002Fes",{"title":2026,"description":108},"dict\u002Fes\u002Findex","ODUL7Ea5_I6Kg9URFHyo3hWojF0yKB7qm5Z1VPm6CRY","\u002Fcontent\u002Fes",{"id":2144,"title":310,"body":2145,"category":539,"description":108,"draft":113,"extension":114,"meta":2465,"navigation":116,"path":2466,"seo":2467,"stem":2468,"__hash__":2469,"actualPath":309},"dictionary\u002Fdict\u002Feu\u002Findex.md",{"type":8,"value":2146,"toc":2459},[2147,2149,2175,2177,2312,2316,2417,2421],[51,2148,293],{"id":292},[11,2150,2151,2154,2157,2162,2167,2170],{},[14,2152,2153],{},"略称：EU",[14,2155,2156],{},"加盟国数：27ヶ国［2026年］",[14,2158,2159,2160,1893],{},"本部：ブリュッセル（",[307,2161,287],{"href":473},[14,2163,2164,2165,1893],{},"議会：ストラスブール（",[307,2166,392],{"href":391},[14,2168,2169],{},"司法裁判所：ルクセンブルク",[14,2171,2172,2173,1893],{},"中央銀行：フランクフルト（",[307,2174,387],{"href":386},[51,2176,609],{"id":608},[11,2178,2179,2182,2185,2188,2224,2238,2249,2256,2263,2266,2274,2277,2280,2293,2300,2303,2306],{},[14,2180,2181],{},"［1952年］ECSC（ヨーロッパ石炭鉄鋼共同体）",[14,2183,2184],{},"［1958年］EEC（ヨーロッパ経済共同体）",[14,2186,2187],{},"［1958年］EURATOM（ヨーロッパ原子力共同体）",[14,2189,2190,2191],{},"［1967年］EC（ヨーロッパ共同体）に統合",[11,2192,2193],{},[14,2194,2195,2196],{},"原加盟国\n",[11,2197,2198,2202,2205,2211],{},[14,2199,2200],{},[307,2201,392],{"href":391},[14,2203,2204],{},"西ドイツ",[14,2206,2207],{},[307,2208,2210],{"href":2209},"\u002Fcontent\u002Fit","イタリア",[14,2212,2213,2216,2217,406,2219,2221,2222],{},[307,2214,2215],{"href":332},"ベネルクス三国","（",[307,2218,287],{"href":473},[307,2220,412],{"href":411},"，ルクセンブルク）：",[307,2223,524],{"href":332},[14,2225,2226,2227],{},"［1968年］EC関税同盟",[11,2228,2229,2232,2235],{},[14,2230,2231],{},"域内関税撤廃",[14,2233,2234],{},"対外共通関税の実施",[14,2236,2237],{},"農産物の統一価格の制定",[14,2239,1975,2240,406,2242,406,2246,2248],{},[307,2241,640],{"href":1910},[307,2243,2245],{"href":2244},"\u002Fcontent\u002Fie","アイルランド",[307,2247,1673],{"href":1752},"が加盟",[14,2250,2251,2252,2248],{},"［1981年］",[307,2253,2255],{"href":2254},"\u002Fcontent\u002Fgr","ギリシャ",[14,2257,1983,2258,2260,2261,2248],{},[307,2259,2026],{"href":2142},"・",[307,2262,1953],{"href":1952},[14,2264,2265],{},"［1993年］マーストリヒト条約発効により，EUに発展（この時点で12ヶ国が加盟）",[14,2267,2002,2268,406,2270,406,2272,2248],{},[307,2269,195],{"href":238},[307,2271,1939],{"href":1938},[307,2273,1960],{"href":1959},[14,2275,2276],{},"［1995年］シェンゲン協定により国境管理廃止",[14,2278,2279],{},"［1999年］単一通貨ユーロの導入 → 2002年より一般流通開始",[14,2281,2282,2283,406,2285,2287,2288,2292],{},"［2004年］エストニア，ラトビア，リトアニア，",[307,2284,1405],{"href":1404},[307,2286,1269],{"href":1316},"，スロバキア，",[307,2289,2291],{"href":2290},"\u002Fcontent\u002Fhu","ハンガリー","，スロベニア，マルタ，キプロスが加盟",[14,2294,2295,2296,2299],{},"［2007年］",[307,2297,1411],{"href":2298},"\u002Fcontent\u002Fro","，ブルガリアが加盟",[14,2301,2302],{},"［2009年］リスボン条約発効：一つの国を目指す",[14,2304,2305],{},"［2013年］クロアチアが加盟",[14,2307,2308,2309,2311],{},"［2020年］ Brexit（",[307,2310,640],{"href":1910},"が離脱）",[51,2313,2315],{"id":2314},"_3-政策","3. 政策",[11,2317,2318,2336,2394],{},[14,2319,2320,2321],{},"人・モノ・サービス・資本の移動の自由化を目指す\n",[11,2322,2323,2331,2334],{},[14,2324,2325,2326],{},"シェンゲン協定\n",[11,2327,2328],{},[14,2329,2330],{},"国境管理の廃止",[14,2332,2333],{},"域内関税・非関税障壁の撤廃",[14,2335,2234],{},[14,2337,2338,2339],{},"ユーロ：単一通貨\n",[11,2340,2341,2344,2347,2355,2360,2363,2380],{},[14,2342,2343],{},"EU加盟国のうち20ヶ国が使用",[14,2345,2346],{},"原則全加盟国に導入義務あり",[14,2348,2349,2350,636,2352,2354],{},"オプトアウト：",[307,2351,1673],{"href":1752},[307,2353,640],{"href":1910},"（現在は脱退）のみ，導入義務が免除されている",[14,2356,2357,2359],{},[307,2358,1939],{"href":1938},"及び東欧諸国は，経済水準を満たさず未導入",[14,2361,2362],{},"正式な導入国が独自デザインの貨幣を発行する鋳造権を持つ",[14,2364,2365,2366],{},"一方的ユーロ化\n",[11,2367,2368,2371,2374,2377],{},[14,2369,2370],{},"コソボ，モンテネグロ：ドイツマルクからの移行",[14,2372,2373],{},"EUとの通貨協定なしにユーロを導入",[14,2375,2376],{},"EUは黙認しているがよく思っていない",[14,2378,2379],{},"鋳造権なし",[14,2381,2382,2383],{},"ミニ国家\n",[11,2384,2385,2388,2391],{},[14,2386,2387],{},"バチカン市国，サンマリノ，モナコ，アンドラ",[14,2389,2390],{},"通貨協定に基づいて導入",[14,2392,2393],{},"鋳造権あり",[14,2395,2396,2397],{},"共通農業政策\n",[11,2398,2399,2402,2405,2408,2411,2414],{},[14,2400,2401],{},"農業生産量・自給率向上を目指す",[14,2403,2404],{},"域内の農作物に統一価格を設定",[14,2406,2407],{},"輸入農産物から統一価格との差額を輸入課徴金として徴収",[14,2409,2410],{},"輸出農産物は差額を輸出補助金として農家に支給",[14,2412,2413],{},"余剰農産物，財政負担の問題",[14,2415,2416],{},"現在は農家の所得を直接保障する「価格・所得政策」と「農村振興政策」が中心",[51,2418,2420],{"id":2419},"_4-課題","4. 課題",[11,2422,2423,2426,2437,2445,2456],{},[14,2424,2425],{},"経済格差解消を目的とした補助金の財源を担う国々からの反発",[14,2427,2428,2429],{},"西ヨーロッパの雇用機会の減少\n",[11,2430,2431,2434],{},[14,2432,2433],{},"給与水準や土地価格の低い東ヨーロッパへ工場が移転",[14,2435,2436],{},"産業の空洞化",[14,2438,2439,2440],{},"経済水準の高い国へ労働者が流入\n",[11,2441,2442],{},[14,2443,2444],{},"社会保障負担の増加",[14,2446,2447,2448],{},"移民・難民受け入れの問題\n",[11,2449,2450,2453],{},[14,2451,2452],{},"民族意識の高まり",[14,2454,2455],{},"一部地域では独立を目指す動きも",[14,2457,2458],{},"加盟国の主権が制限されることへの不満",{"title":108,"searchDepth":109,"depth":109,"links":2460},[2461,2462,2463,2464],{"id":292,"depth":109,"text":293},{"id":608,"depth":109,"text":609},{"id":2314,"depth":109,"text":2315},{"id":2419,"depth":109,"text":2420},{},"\u002Fdict\u002Feu",{"title":310,"description":108},"dict\u002Feu\u002Findex","ybkMbs_7BafKSnyq003g75A5qM7Sa5nThIGMA34KCgY",{"id":2471,"title":1960,"body":2472,"category":112,"description":108,"draft":113,"extension":114,"meta":2560,"navigation":116,"path":2561,"seo":2562,"stem":2563,"__hash__":2564,"actualPath":1959},"dictionary\u002Fdict\u002Ffi\u002Findex.md",{"type":8,"value":2473,"toc":2555},[2474,2476,2505,2507,2533,2537],[51,2475,293],{"id":292},[11,2477,2478,2481,2484,2489,2496,2499,2502],{},[14,2479,2480],{},"正式名称：フィンランド共和国",[14,2482,2483],{},"首都：ヘルシンキ",[14,2485,2486,2487],{},"面積：33.85万km",[24,2488,26],{},[14,2490,2491,2492],{},"人口：559万人［2023］\n",[11,2493,2494],{},[14,2495,953],{},[14,2497,2498],{},"GNI：2,981億USD［2023］，53,390USD\u002F人［2021］",[14,2500,2501],{},"フィンランド式教育",[14,2503,2504],{},"森と湖の国：高い森林率，氷河湖",[51,2506,963],{"id":962},[11,2508,2509,2511,2514],{},[14,2510,1708],{},[14,2512,2513],{},"フィンランド語：ウラル語族",[14,2515,2516,2517,2521,2522],{},"北部に",[307,2518,2520],{"href":2519},"\u002Fcontent\u002Fsapmi","サーミ人","が居住\n",[11,2523,2524,2527,2530],{},[14,2525,2526],{},"国内唯一の先住民族として憲法で保護",[14,2528,2529],{},"かつてトナカイの遊牧，狩猟，漁労を営んでいた",[14,2531,2532],{},"近年都市部への定住が進んでいる",[51,2534,2536],{"id":2535},"_3-産業","3. 産業",[11,2538,2539,2542],{},[14,2540,2541],{},"かつては製紙・パルプ工業，金属工業が中心",[14,2543,2544,2545],{},"近年先端技術産業が発達\n",[11,2546,2547,2550,2552],{},[14,2548,2549],{},"ノキア",[14,2551,1618],{},[14,2553,2554],{},"ICT産業",{"title":108,"searchDepth":109,"depth":109,"links":2556},[2557,2558,2559],{"id":292,"depth":109,"text":293},{"id":962,"depth":109,"text":963},{"id":2535,"depth":109,"text":2536},{},"\u002Fdict\u002Ffi",{"title":1960,"description":108},"dict\u002Ffi\u002Findex","4Fi5e95ZSMv7tPF18h_yI-ib99_mbDxhMFsd8NKEO5I",{"id":2566,"title":392,"body":2567,"category":112,"description":108,"draft":113,"extension":114,"meta":2845,"navigation":116,"path":2846,"seo":2847,"stem":2848,"__hash__":2849,"actualPath":391},"dictionary\u002Fdict\u002Ffr\u002Findex.md",{"type":8,"value":2568,"toc":2831},[2569,2571,2603,2605,2607,2629,2631,2658,2660,2676,2678,2731,2733,2793,2797,2801,2806,2809],[51,2570,293],{"id":292},[11,2572,2573,2576,2579,2582,2588,2591,2594,2597,2600],{},[14,2574,2575],{},"正式名称：フランス共和国",[14,2577,2578],{},"略称：フランス，仏",[14,2580,2581],{},"首都：パリ（各種都市機能が首都に一極集中）",[14,2583,2584,2585,2587],{},"面積：64.06万km",[24,2586,26],{},"［2023年］",[14,2589,2590],{},"人口：6,785万人［2023年］",[14,2592,2593],{},"人口増加率：0.3%［2015-20年］",[14,2595,2596],{},"GNI：30,725億USD，45,070USD\u002F人［2021年］",[14,2598,2599],{},"原子力発電の割合が高い：62.1%［2022］",[14,2601,2602],{},"国際観光客数が世界最大［2018］",[51,2604,963],{"id":962},[377,2606,1370],{"id":1370},[11,2608,2609,2612,2615,2623,2626],{},[14,2610,2611],{},"ケルト系・ゲルマン系・ラテン系の混血が多い",[14,2613,2614],{},"欧州近隣国や，嘗ての植民地（北アフリカ，西アフリカ，アジアなど）から移民を受け入れ",[14,2616,2617,2618],{},"旧植民地である北アフリカ諸国からの外国人労働者が多い\n",[11,2619,2620],{},[14,2621,2622],{},"アルジェリア，モロッコなど",[14,2624,2625],{},"ブルターニュ，コルス，バスク，アルザスなどの少数民族",[14,2627,2628],{},"共和主義ゆえ，民族別の人口統計は禁止されている",[377,2630,1434],{"id":1434},[11,2632,2633,2641],{},[14,2634,2635,2636],{},"フランス語（インド・ヨーロッパ語族ラテン語派）\n",[11,2637,2638],{},[14,2639,2640],{},"唯一の公用語",[14,2642,2643,2644],{},"地域言語教育の見直し：文化保護\n",[11,2645,2646,2649,2652,2655],{},[14,2647,2648],{},"バスク語",[14,2650,2651],{},"アルザス語",[14,2653,2654],{},"ブルトン語",[14,2656,2657],{},"オキシタン語",[377,2659,1455],{"id":1455},[11,2661,2662,2665,2668],{},[14,2663,2664],{},"おもにカトリック：減少傾向",[14,2666,2667],{},"無宗教：若い世代を中心に増加",[14,2669,2670,2671],{},"厳格な政教分離\n",[11,2672,2673],{},[14,2674,2675],{},"公共の場所で宗教的な格好は制限される（十字架，スカーフなど）",[51,2677,1513],{"id":1512},[11,2679,2680,2685,2699,2709,2723],{},[14,2681,2682,2684],{},[307,2683,528],{"href":309},"最大の農業国",[14,2686,2687,2688],{},"小麦\n",[11,2689,2690,2693,2696],{},[14,2691,2692],{},"自給率190%",[14,2694,2695],{},"生産がヨーロッパ一",[14,2697,2698],{},"パリ盆地周辺（ケスタ）で企業的栽培",[14,2700,2101,2701],{},[11,2702,2703,2706],{},[14,2704,2705],{},"ブドウ，トマト，オリーブ",[14,2707,2708],{},"地中海沿岸（ローヌ川沿いなど）",[14,2710,2711,2712],{},"ワイン\n",[11,2713,2714,2717,2720],{},[14,2715,2716],{},"ボルドー",[14,2718,2719],{},"ブルゴーニュ",[14,2721,2722],{},"シャンパーニュ",[14,2724,2725,2726],{},"酪農・畜産業\n",[11,2727,2728],{},[14,2729,2730],{},"大西洋からの湿った偏西風により牧草が育ちやすい",[51,2732,1555],{"id":1554},[11,2734,2735,2743,2755,2766],{},[14,2736,2737,2738],{},"ロレーヌ\n",[11,2739,2740],{},[14,2741,2742],{},"ロレーヌ鉄山を背景に鉄鋼業が発達も，現在は閉山・衰退",[14,2744,2745,2746],{},"北フランス\n",[11,2747,2748],{},[14,2749,2750,2754],{},[307,2751,2753],{"href":2752},"\u002Fcontent\u002Fstrait\u002Fdover","ドーヴァー海峡","付近のダンケルクに鉄鋼・石油化学",[14,2756,2757,2758],{},"パリ\n",[11,2759,2760,2763],{},[14,2761,2762],{},"国内最大の工業地域",[14,2764,2765],{},"自動車，機械などが集積",[14,2767,2768,2769],{},"南部\n",[11,2770,2771,2774,2782],{},[14,2772,2773],{},"トゥールーズ：航空機工業（エアバス）",[14,2775,2776,2777],{},"フォス（ローヌ川河口）：石油輸入港\n",[11,2778,2779],{},[14,2780,2781],{},"鉄鋼業",[14,2783,2784,2785],{},"マルセイユ：フランス最大の貿易港\n",[11,2786,2787,2790],{},[14,2788,2789],{},"第二の都市",[14,2791,2792],{},"石油化学工業",[51,2794,2796],{"id":2795},"_5-補足","5. 補足",[377,2798,2800],{"id":2799},"コートダジュール","コート・ダジュール",[11,2802,2803],{},[14,2804,2805],{},"南フランスの保養地として知られる海岸",[377,2807,2808],{"id":2808},"モナコ公国",[11,2810,2811,2814,2817,2820],{},[14,2812,2813],{},"世界で二番目に小さい国",[14,2815,2816],{},"三方をフランスに囲まれる",[14,2818,2819],{},"南側で地中海に面する",[14,2821,2822,2823],{},"高級リゾート地\n",[11,2824,2825,2828],{},[14,2826,2827],{},"カジノ",[14,2829,2830],{},"F1モナコグランプリ",{"title":108,"searchDepth":109,"depth":109,"links":2832},[2833,2834,2839,2840,2841],{"id":292,"depth":109,"text":293},{"id":962,"depth":109,"text":963,"children":2835},[2836,2837,2838],{"id":1370,"depth":465,"text":1370},{"id":1434,"depth":465,"text":1434},{"id":1455,"depth":465,"text":1455},{"id":1512,"depth":109,"text":1513},{"id":1554,"depth":109,"text":1555},{"id":2795,"depth":109,"text":2796,"children":2842},[2843,2844],{"id":2799,"depth":465,"text":2800},{"id":2808,"depth":465,"text":2808},{},"\u002Fdict\u002Ffr",{"title":392,"description":108},"dict\u002Ffr\u002Findex","y13Ads5eHkQUZpI_F1wDn_FTTQT1xrQIkFwbC5OUKT8",{"id":2851,"title":595,"body":2852,"category":539,"description":108,"draft":113,"extension":114,"meta":2993,"navigation":116,"path":2994,"seo":2995,"stem":2996,"__hash__":2997,"actualPath":2998},"dictionary\u002Fdict\u002Fgb\u002Fcommonwealth\u002Findex.md",{"type":8,"value":2853,"toc":2985},[2854,2856,2900,2904,2943,2947,2951,2962,2966],[51,2855,293],{"id":292},[11,2857,2858,2861,2864,2872,2875,2889],{},[14,2859,2860],{},"正式名称：コモンウェルス・オブ・ネイションズ　",[14,2862,2863],{},"略称：イギリス連邦・英連邦・コモンウェルス",[14,2865,2866,2867],{},"現加盟国：56ヶ国\n",[11,2868,2869],{},[14,2870,2871],{},"かつての大英帝国（イギリス帝国）植民地だった独立国家が加盟",[14,2873,2874],{},"対等な関係",[14,2876,2877,2878],{},"価値観の共有\n",[11,2879,2880,2883,2886],{},[14,2881,2882],{},"民主主義・人権・法の支配など",[14,2884,2885],{},"条約や軍事同盟ではない",[14,2887,2888],{},"英語を公用語とする国が多い",[14,2890,2891,2892],{},"首長：チャールズ3世（イギリス国王）\n",[11,2893,2894,2897],{},[14,2895,2896],{},"象徴",[14,2898,2899],{},"政治的権力はない",[51,2901,2903],{"id":2902},"_2-コモンウェルスレルム英連邦王国","2. コモンウェルス・レルム（英連邦王国）",[11,2905,2906,2919],{},[14,2907,2908,2909],{},"イギリス国王を自国の国家元首とする国が15ヶ国\n",[11,2910,2911,2913,2916],{},[14,2912,548],{},[14,2914,2915],{},"オーストラリア",[14,2917,2918],{},"ニュージーランド",[14,2920,2921,2922],{},"他に\n",[11,2923,2924,2935],{},[14,2925,2926,2927],{},"独自の大統領をもつ共和国\n",[11,2928,2929,2932],{},[14,2930,2931],{},"インド",[14,2933,2934],{},"南アフリカ など",[14,2936,2937,2938],{},"独自の国王を持つ王国\n",[11,2939,2940],{},[14,2941,2942],{},"マレーシア など",[51,2944,2946],{"id":2945},"_3-行事","3. 行事",[377,2948,2950],{"id":2949},"コモンウェルスゲームズ","コモンウェルス・ゲームズ",[11,2952,2953,2956,2959],{},[14,2954,2955],{},"４年ごとに開催されるスポート大会",[14,2957,2958],{},"オリンピック競技",[14,2960,2961],{},"英連邦特有の競技（ネットボール，ローンボウルズ，7人制ラグビーなど）",[377,2963,2965],{"id":2964},"コモンウェルス首脳会議chogm","コモンウェルス首脳会議（CHOGM）",[11,2967,2968,2971],{},[14,2969,2970],{},"２年に一回",[14,2972,2973,2974],{},"加盟国首脳が共通の課題について議論\n",[11,2975,2976,2979,2982],{},[14,2977,2978],{},"気候変動",[14,2980,2981],{},"経済発展",[14,2983,2984],{},"教育",{"title":108,"searchDepth":109,"depth":109,"links":2986},[2987,2988,2989],{"id":292,"depth":109,"text":293},{"id":2902,"depth":109,"text":2903},{"id":2945,"depth":109,"text":2946,"children":2990},[2991,2992],{"id":2949,"depth":465,"text":2950},{"id":2964,"depth":465,"text":2965},{},"\u002Fdict\u002Fgb\u002Fcommonwealth",{"title":595,"description":108},"dict\u002Fgb\u002Fcommonwealth\u002Findex","1CRXE80zd_3vj-kZi1AOl5YFJCW0bcpn_NJMKTMBfAQ","\u002Fcontent\u002Fgb\u002Fcommonwealth",{"id":3000,"title":3001,"body":3002,"category":3048,"description":108,"draft":113,"extension":114,"meta":3049,"navigation":116,"path":3050,"seo":3051,"stem":3052,"__hash__":3053,"actualPath":3054},"dictionary\u002Fdict\u002Fgb\u002Fgibraltar\u002Findex.md","ジブラルタル",{"type":8,"value":3003,"toc":3044},[3004,3006,3029,3031],[51,3005,293],{"id":292},[11,3007,3008,3013,3020,3026],{},[14,3009,3010,3011],{},"面積：6.8km",[24,3012,26],{},[14,3014,3015,3016,3019],{},"イベリア半島南端，",[307,3017,2026],{"href":3018},"\u002Fcontent\u002Fes\u002F","と陸続き",[14,3021,3022,3025],{},[307,3023,640],{"href":3024},"\u002Fcontent\u002Fgb\u002F","の海外領土",[14,3027,3028],{},"ジブラルタル海峡（大西洋と地中海を繋ぐ）に面している",[51,3030,609],{"id":608},[11,3032,3033,3036],{},[14,3034,3035],{},"［18c初め］スペイン継承戦争にてイギリス・オランダ連合軍が占領",[14,3037,3038,3039],{},"［1713］ユトレヒト条約でイギリス領となる\n",[11,3040,3041],{},[14,3042,3043],{},"スペインは返還を求めている",{"title":108,"searchDepth":109,"depth":109,"links":3045},[3046,3047],{"id":292,"depth":109,"text":293},{"id":608,"depth":109,"text":609},"地域",{},"\u002Fdict\u002Fgb\u002Fgibraltar",{"title":3001,"description":108},"dict\u002Fgb\u002Fgibraltar\u002Findex","1vaehWdy6aoCjK53gqH2bfaIG-002QTKEIcJkK7IJ_U","\u002Fcontent\u002Fgb\u002Fgibraltar",{"id":3056,"title":640,"body":3057,"category":112,"description":108,"draft":113,"extension":114,"meta":3392,"navigation":116,"path":3393,"seo":3394,"stem":3395,"__hash__":3396,"actualPath":1910},"dictionary\u002Fdict\u002Fgb\u002Findex.md",{"type":8,"value":3058,"toc":3366},[3059,3061,3092,3094,3096,3106,3110,3118,3120,3128,3134,3141,3148,3152,3182,3186,3193,3204,3208,3216,3219,3227,3231,3242,3246,3249,3260,3263,3271,3274,3282,3285,3293,3296,3301,3304,3317,3321,3329,3333],[51,3060,293],{"id":292},[11,3062,3063,3069,3072,3075,3080,3083,3086,3089],{},[14,3064,3065,3066],{},"正式名称： ",[156,3067,3068],{},"グレートブリテン及び北アイルランド連合王国",[14,3070,3071],{},"略称： 英国",[14,3073,3074],{},"首都： ロンドン",[14,3076,3077,3078,2587],{},"面積： 24.44万km",[24,3079,26],{},[14,3081,3082],{},"人口： 6,759万人［2022年］",[14,3084,3085],{},"人口増加率： 0.6%［2015-20年］",[14,3087,3088],{},"GNI：32,670億USD［2023年］，47,800USD\u002F人［2023年］",[14,3090,3091],{},"イングランド，スコットランド，ウェールズ，北アイルランドから成る連合王国",[51,3093,963],{"id":962},[377,3095,1370],{"id":1370},[11,3097,3098,3100,3103],{},[14,3099,2061],{},[14,3101,3102],{},"白人が大半を占める",[14,3104,3105],{},"各地方ごとに異なる民族意識",[377,3107,3109],{"id":3108},"言語インドヨーロッパ語族-ゲルマン語派","言語（インド・ヨーロッパ語族 ゲルマン語派）",[11,3111,3112,3115],{},[14,3113,3114],{},"英語：事実上の公用語",[14,3116,3117],{},"ウェールズ語，スコットランド・ゲール語，アイルランド語：各地方の伝統として公的な保護・普及活動が行なわれている",[377,3119,1455],{"id":1455},[11,3121,3122,3125],{},[14,3123,3124],{},"イギリス国教会（プロテスタント）が主流",[14,3126,3127],{},"若年層を中心に無宗教が急増",[377,3129,3131],{"id":3130},"北アイルランド問題",[307,3132,3130],{"href":3133},"\u002Fcontent\u002Fgb\u002Fn_ireland",[128,3135,3136,3137,3140],{},"カトリック信徒が多く，",[307,3138,3139],{"href":2244},"アイルランド共和国（現アイルランド）","として独立した南部に対し，アイルランド島北部はプロテスタントが主流であり，イギリスに残った．",[128,3142,3143,3144,3147],{},"「",[307,3145,3146],{"href":3133},"ザ・トラブルズ","」などと呼ばれる．",[51,3149,3151],{"id":3150},"_3-政治体制","3. 政治体制",[11,3153,3154,3168],{},[14,3155,3156,3157],{},"立憲君主制\n",[11,3158,3159,3162,3165],{},[14,3160,3161],{},"君臨すれども統治せず",[14,3163,3164],{},"国家の統合の象徴",[14,3166,3167],{},"内閣の助言に基づいて国王大権を行使",[14,3169,3170,3171],{},"議院内閣制の先駆\n",[11,3172,3173,3176,3179],{},[14,3174,3175],{},"下院（庶民院）の第一党の党首が，国王より首相に任命される",[14,3177,3178],{},"下院の優越",[14,3180,3181],{},"上院（貴族院）は世襲制，下院の法案に修正を求めるなど",[51,3183,3185],{"id":3184},"_4-国際関係","4. 国際関係",[377,3187,3189],{"id":3188},"英連邦コモンウェルス",[307,3190,3192],{"href":3191},"\u002Fcontent\u002Fgb\u002Fcommonwealth\u002F","英連邦（コモンウェルス）",[11,3194,3195,3198,3201],{},[14,3196,3197],{},"旧英領国家との緩やかな国際組織",[14,3199,3200],{},"植民地時代と異なり，各加盟国は対等",[14,3202,3203],{},"経済的協力，民主主義の推進など",[377,3205,3207],{"id":3206},"efta欧州自由貿易連合","EFTA（欧州自由貿易連合）",[11,3209,3210,3213],{},[14,3211,3212],{},"1960年創設時の初期加盟国",[14,3214,3215],{},"EC（欧州共同体）加盟時に離脱",[377,3217,3218],{"id":3218},"欧州連合との関係",[11,3220,3221,3224],{},[14,3222,3223],{},"Brexit：2016年国民投票，2020年正式にEU離脱",[14,3225,3226],{},"安全保障，経済，エネルギーなどの協力関係を約束",[51,3228,3230],{"id":3229},"_5-農業","5. 農業",[11,3232,3233,3236,3239],{},[14,3234,3235],{},"国土の７割が農地",[14,3237,3238],{},"農業人口率1.0%［2022年］",[14,3240,3241],{},"羊の頭数はヨーロッパ一",[51,3243,3245],{"id":3244},"_6-工業","6. 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都市計画",[11,3322,3323,3326],{},[14,3324,3325],{},"都市の無秩序な拡大（スプロール現象）を防ぐ為に，グリーンベルト（緑地帯）を設置",[14,3327,3328],{},"ウォーターフロント開発：テムズ川沿岸のドックランズ（旧港湾施設）を再開発・オフィス化",[51,3330,3332],{"id":3331},"_8-その他","8. 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→ フィヨルドであり波が静か",[51,5385,4288],{"id":4287},[11,5387,5388,5396],{},[14,5389,5390,5391],{},"水力発電\n",[11,5392,5393],{},[14,5394,5395],{},"安価な電力 → アルミニウム工業",[14,5397,5398,5399],{},"北海油田\n",[11,5400,5401],{},[14,5402,5403],{},"原油・天然ガス産出 → 輸出",[51,5405,5407],{"id":5406},"_5-外交","5. 外交",[11,5409,5410],{},[14,5411,5412,5414,5415,5417,5418],{},[307,5413,528],{"href":4326},"非加盟，",[307,5416,1022],{"href":4317},"のみ加盟\n",[11,5419,5420],{},[14,5421,5422],{},"漁業利権を維持するため",[51,5424,5426],{"id":5425},"_6-その他","6. その他",[11,5428,5429],{},[14,5430,5431,5435],{},[307,5432,5434],{"href":5433},"\u002Fcontent\u002Fno\u002Fsj\u002F","スヴァールバル諸島",[11,5436,5437],{},[14,5438,5439],{},"広く平和利用を認める協定",{"title":108,"searchDepth":109,"depth":109,"links":5441},[5442,5443,5444,5445,5446,5447],{"id":292,"depth":109,"text":293},{"id":962,"depth":109,"text":963},{"id":749,"depth":109,"text":750},{"id":4287,"depth":109,"text":4288},{"id":5406,"depth":109,"text":5407},{"id":5425,"depth":109,"text":5426},{},"\u002Fdict\u002Fno",{"title":1774,"description":108},"dict\u002Fno\u002Findex","G3xgMglfkMSxvpX-0rPWye5nWYYCjUQBqSp-6zUmVNY",{"id":5454,"title":5434,"body":5455,"category":3048,"description":108,"draft":113,"extension":114,"meta":5538,"navigation":116,"path":5539,"seo":5540,"stem":5541,"__hash__":5542,"actualPath":5543},"dictionary\u002Fdict\u002Fno\u002Fsj\u002Findex.md",{"type":8,"value":5456,"toc":5533},[5457,5459,5484,5488,5502,5506],[51,5458,293],{"id":292},[11,5460,5461,5467,5470,5475,5478,5481],{},[14,5462,5463,5466],{},[307,5464,1774],{"href":5465},"\u002Fcontent\u002Fno\u002F","領であるがシェンゲン圏外",[14,5468,5469],{},"北極圏の北部に位置",[14,5471,5472,5473],{},"面積：6.1万km",[24,5474,26],{},[14,5476,5477],{},"中心都市：ロングイェールビーン",[14,5479,5480],{},"世界最北級の有人地域",[14,5482,5483],{},"オスロなどから航空機で渡航",[51,5485,5487],{"id":5486},"_2-環境","2. 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スヴァールバル条約",[11,5507,5508,5511,5522,5525],{},[14,5509,5510],{},"1920年，パリで締結",[14,5512,5513,5514],{},"条約加盟国の国民は，島内で等しく経済活動を行なえる\n",[11,5515,5516,5519],{},[14,5517,5518],{},"査証なしで入国・就労が可能",[14,5520,5521],{},"自由な資源開発（石炭，石油，金鉱など）",[14,5523,5524],{},"租税の限定使用：島内で徴収された税金は，本土への流用が禁じられる",[14,5526,5527,5528],{},"非武装地帯：軍事施設の建設禁止\n",[11,5529,5530],{},[14,5531,5532],{},"第二次世界大戦中を除き，軍隊は駐屯していない",{"title":108,"searchDepth":109,"depth":109,"links":5534},[5535,5536,5537],{"id":292,"depth":109,"text":293},{"id":5486,"depth":109,"text":5487},{"id":5504,"depth":109,"text":5505},{},"\u002Fdict\u002Fno\u002Fsj",{"title":5434,"description":108},"dict\u002Fno\u002Fsj\u002Findex","UJ6GhtZ8Pm4GMmPiph2mYm_2r8C_-iS696Z6LNPlY5M","\u002Fcontent\u002Fno\u002Fsj",{"id":5545,"title":5546,"body":5547,"category":3832,"description":108,"draft":113,"extension":114,"meta":5661,"navigation":116,"path":5662,"seo":5663,"stem":5664,"__hash__":5665,"actualPath":5666},"dictionary\u002Fdict\u002Fpeninsula\u002Fkorea\u002Findex.md","朝鮮半島",{"type":8,"value":5548,"toc":5656},[5549,5555,5559,5570,5572,5632,5634],[5550,5551],"open-street-map",{"lat":5552,"lon":5553,"zoom":5554},"37.73","127.32","6",[51,5556,5558],{"id":5557},"_1-自然環境","1. 自然環境",[11,5560,5561,5564,5567],{},[14,5562,5563],{},"安定地域",[14,5565,5566],{},"テベク山脈：日本海側を南北に走る",[14,5568,5569],{},"南岸・西岸のリアス式海岸",[51,5571,609],{"id":608},[11,5573,5574,5577,5588,5600,5603,5611,5614,5617,5620,5623,5626,5629],{},[14,5575,5576],{},"［1910］韓国併合",[14,5578,5579,5580,636,5583,5587],{},"［1945］",[307,5581,5582],{"href":4105},"アメリカ合衆国",[307,5584,5586],{"href":5585},"\u002Fcontent\u002Fdict\u002Fsu\u002Findex.md","ソビエト連邦","が朝鮮半島を分割占領",[14,5589,5590,5591,5594,5595,5599],{},"［1948］",[307,5592,138],{"href":5593},"\u002Fcontent\u002Fdict\u002Fkr\u002Findex.md","（資本主義），",[307,5596,5598],{"href":5597},"\u002Fcontent\u002Fdict\u002Fkp\u002Findex.md","朝鮮民主主義人民共和国","（社会主義・権威主義）が成立",[14,5601,5602],{},"［1950］朝鮮戦争勃発",[14,5604,5605,5606],{},"［1953］休戦協定成立\n",[11,5607,5608],{},[14,5609,5610],{},"北緯38度線付近に軍事境界線を設ける",[14,5612,5613],{},"［1965］日韓基本条約成立，日韓国交の正常化",[14,5615,5616],{},"［1988］ソウルオリンピック開催 → 復興の象徴",[14,5618,5619],{},"［1991］南北が同時に国連加盟",[14,5621,5622],{},"［2000］初の南北首脳会談開催",[14,5624,5625],{},"［2002］日朝首脳会談開催",[14,5627,5628],{},"［2002］サッカーワールドカップ日韓共同開催",[14,5630,5631],{},"［2018］初の米朝首脳会談実施",[51,5633,719],{"id":718},[11,5635,5636,5647,5650,5653],{},[14,5637,5638,5639],{},"ハングルの積極的な採用\n",[11,5640,5641,5644],{},[14,5642,5643],{},"民族意識と識字率を高めるため",[14,5645,5646],{},"日本への反発，脱漢字などの背景",[14,5648,5649],{},"儒教の浸透",[14,5651,5652],{},"韓国ではプロテスタントの信者が多い",[14,5654,5655],{},"オンドル：伝統的な暖房設備",{"title":108,"searchDepth":109,"depth":109,"links":5657},[5658,5659,5660],{"id":5557,"depth":109,"text":5558},{"id":608,"depth":109,"text":609},{"id":718,"depth":109,"text":719},{},"\u002Fdict\u002Fpeninsula\u002Fkorea",{"title":5546,"description":108},"dict\u002Fpeninsula\u002Fkorea\u002Findex","ydoiOlteYvH1Aag6Qq_lAuLZOMxeA1Ox1A5beiyCROU","\u002Fcontent\u002Fpeninsula\u002Fkorea",{"id":5668,"title":5669,"body":5670,"category":5804,"description":5674,"draft":113,"extension":114,"meta":5805,"navigation":116,"path":5806,"seo":5807,"stem":5808,"__hash__":5809,"actualPath":5810},"dictionary\u002Fdict\u002Fpl\u002Fball\u002Findex.md","ポーランドボール",{"type":8,"value":5671,"toc":5799},[5672,5675,5678,5725,5728,5739,5742],[128,5673,5674],{},"国をボールで表し，国際関係・文化・歴史などを風刺したもの．",[51,5676,5677],{"id":5677},"発祥",[11,5679,5680,5700,5717],{},[14,5681,5682,5683,5685,5686],{},"2009年8月：円形のキャンバスに絵を描くサイト「Drawball.com」で，",[307,5684,1405],{"href":1404},"のネットユーザーが結託\n",[11,5687,5688,5694,5697],{},[14,5689,5690,5691,5693],{},"キャンバス全体を",[307,5692,1405],{"href":1404},"の国旗で塗りつぶし，中央に「POLSKA」と描く巨大なアートを完成",[14,5695,5696],{},"海外の掲示板「4chan」などで書き込み合戦に発展",[14,5698,5699],{},"国をボールで表す文化の始まりとされる",[14,5701,5702,5703,5705,5706,5708,5709,5711,5712],{},"2009年9月：",[307,5704,387],{"href":386},"の画像掲示板「Krautchan.net」で，",[307,5707,640],{"href":1910},"人ユーザが",[307,5710,1405],{"href":1404},"人ユーザの拙い英語や愛国的な発言をからかうために，ペイントソフトで作った下手くそな漫画を投稿\n",[11,5713,5714],{},[14,5715,5716],{},"ポーランドは「上下がひっくり返った国旗の丸いキャラクター」として描かれる",[14,5718,5719,5720],{},"その後：各国の掲示板やSNS，YouTubeなどで真似をするユーザが増加\n",[11,5721,5722],{},[14,5723,5724],{},"歴史や時事問題をブラックユーモアを交えてわかりやすく学ぶ",[51,5726,5727],{"id":5727},"日本での進化",[11,5729,5730,5733,5736],{},[14,5731,5732],{},"キャラクターの可愛さを重視",[14,5734,5735],{},"なぜかポーランドよりもパラオの方が人気になる",[14,5737,5738],{},"ゆっくりボイスなどによりショート動画化",[51,5740,5741],{"id":5741},"定番ネタ",[11,5743,5744,5755,5763,5774,5782,5790,5793,5796],{},[14,5745,5746,5747],{},"Polska cannot into space\n",[11,5748,5749,5752],{},[14,5750,5751],{},"実際にはポーランド人宇宙飛行士もいる",[14,5753,5754],{},"非英語圏のキャラクターは壊れた英語（Engrish）を話す",[14,5756,5757,5758],{},"ポーランドの国旗が逆さま\n",[11,5759,5760],{},[14,5761,5762],{},"ポーランド，インドネシア，モナコの見分けがつかない",[14,5764,5765,5766],{},"ポーランドはトイレ掃除のプロ\n",[11,5767,5768,5771],{},[14,5769,5770],{},"イギリスなどの出稼ぎ労働者にポーランド人が多いため",[14,5772,5773],{},"ポーランドのボールにスッポンを持たせることがある",[14,5775,5776,5777],{},"イスラエルは立方体として描かれる\n",[11,5778,5779],{},[14,5780,5781],{},"「ユダヤ物理学」のジョークによる",[14,5783,5784,5785],{},"シンガポールは綺麗な正三角形として描かれる\n",[11,5786,5787],{},[14,5788,5789],{},"シンガプーラ（Tringapore）",[14,5791,5792],{},"ネパール：国旗の形そのままの，ギザギザした形で描かれる",[14,5794,5795],{},"日本：猫耳をつけている",[14,5797,5798],{},"パラオつおい",{"title":108,"searchDepth":109,"depth":109,"links":5800},[5801,5802,5803],{"id":5677,"depth":109,"text":5677},{"id":5727,"depth":109,"text":5727},{"id":5741,"depth":109,"text":5741},"文化",{},"\u002Fdict\u002Fpl\u002Fball",{"title":5669,"description":5674},"dict\u002Fpl\u002Fball\u002Findex","joZoY47HxlSMvVUCr0fg8zZOD5EE85xSE5H_tbks5Ng","\u002Fcontent\u002Fpl\u002Fball",{"id":5812,"title":1405,"body":5813,"category":112,"description":108,"draft":113,"extension":114,"meta":5980,"navigation":116,"path":5981,"seo":5982,"stem":5983,"__hash__":5984,"actualPath":1404},"dictionary\u002Fdict\u002Fpl\u002Findex.md",{"type":8,"value":5814,"toc":5969},[5815,5817,5850,5852,5865,5867,5896,5898,5920,5924,5927,5931,5942,5945,5953,5956],[51,5816,293],{"id":292},[11,5818,5819,5822,5827,5834,5837,5842],{},[14,5820,5821],{},"首都：ワルシャワ",[14,5823,5824,5825,27],{},"面積：31.27万km",[24,5826,26],{},[14,5828,5829,5830],{},"人口：3,675万人［2023］\n",[11,5831,5832],{},[14,5833,35],{},[14,5835,5836],{},"GNI：7,237億USD／19,730USD\u002F人［2023］",[14,5838,5839,5841],{},[307,5840,5669],{"href":5810},"発祥の地",[14,5843,5844,5845],{},"かつて共産主義政権下・ソ連の影響下にあった\n",[11,5846,5847],{},[14,5848,5849],{},"ワルシャワ条約機構",[51,5851,963],{"id":962},[11,5853,5854,5857],{},[14,5855,5856],{},"ポーランド語：インド・ヨーロッパ語族スラブ語派",[14,5858,5859,5860],{},"主にカトリックを信仰\n",[11,5861,5862],{},[14,5863,5864],{},"分割時のアイデンティティ維持",[51,5866,1513],{"id":1512},[11,5868,5869,5872],{},[14,5870,5871],{},"東欧有数の農業国",[14,5873,1721,5874],{},[11,5875,5876,5884,5887,5890,5893],{},[14,5877,5878,5879],{},"ポドゾル（痩せた砂地）のため作物が育ちにくい\n",[11,5880,5881],{},[14,5882,5883],{},"北ヨーロッパ平原，氷食を受けている",[14,5885,5886],{},"ライ麦・じゃがいも：世界トップクラスの生産量",[14,5888,5889],{},"大麦・小麦・てんさい 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ASEAN 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緊張",[11,6970,6971,6974,6985],{},[14,6972,6973],{},"周囲を産油国に囲まれるため",[14,6975,6976,6977],{},"軍事・外交・エネルギー供給のチョークポイント\n",[11,6978,6979,6982],{},[14,6980,6981],{},"各国の関心が高く，利害の衝突が激化しやすい",[14,6983,6984],{},"政治的誤算や事故が全世界に波及しがち",[14,6986,6987,6988],{},"ペルシャ湾呼称問題に関連\n",[11,6989,6990,6993],{},[14,6991,6992],{},"イラン：ペルシャ湾",[14,6994,6995],{},"アラブ諸国：アラビア湾",{"title":108,"searchDepth":109,"depth":109,"links":6997},[6998,6999],{"id":292,"depth":109,"text":293},{"id":6967,"depth":109,"text":6968},"ペルシャ湾（アラビア湾）とオマーン湾を結ぶ国際海峡．",{},"\u002Fdict\u002Fstrait\u002Fhormuz",{"title":6925,"description":7000},"dict\u002Fstrait\u002Fhormuz\u002Findex","Bs7kr14JAevn_4qmIQVjxlaIJoTQLCZmrI9HjjboMQQ","\u002Fcontent\u002Fstrait\u002Fhormuz",{"id":7008,"title":6833,"body":7009,"category":7138,"description":7139,"draft":113,"extension":114,"meta":7140,"navigation":116,"path":7141,"seo":7142,"stem":7143,"__hash__":7144,"actualPath":6832},"dictionary\u002Fdict\u002Fstrait\u002Finternational\u002Findex.md",{"type":8,"value":7010,"toc":7129},[7011,7018,7021,7024,7027,7035,7038,7054,7057,7090,7093,7096,7113,7116],[128,7012,7013,7014,7017],{},"正式名称は「",[156,7015,7016],{},"国際航行に使用されている海峡","」．",[128,7019,7020],{},"国連海洋法条約（UNCLOS）で言及されている海峡を指す．",[51,7022,7023],{"id":7023},"通過通航権",[128,7025,7026],{},"領海であっても，多くの国際海峡で認められている．",[11,7028,7029,7032],{},[14,7030,7031],{},"自由な航行と上空飛行：外国の商船や軍艦は，進行を妨げられず，継続的かつ迅速に通過することが認められる",[14,7033,7034],{},"潜水艦の潜水したままの通過：通常の領海では，浮上して航行する必要がある",[51,7036,7037],{"id":7037},"群島航路帯通航権",[11,7039,7040,7043,7046],{},[14,7041,7042],{},"潜水艦の潜水航行の自由",[14,7044,7045],{},"上空飛行の自由：他国の軍用機も含む",[14,7047,7048,7049],{},"航路の制限：沿岸国の設定した航路から左右25海里を離れてはならない\n",[11,7050,7051],{},[14,7052,7053],{},"航路外に出た場合：無害通航権が適用される",[377,7055,7056],{"id":7056},"具体例",[11,7058,7059,7066,7076,7084],{},[14,7060,7061,7065],{},[307,7062,7064],{"href":7063},"\u002Fcontent\u002Fstrait\u002Fmalacca\u002F","マラッカ海峡","：マレー半島とスマトラ島の間，東アジアに運ばれる物資の主要ルート",[14,7067,7068,7071,7072,7075],{},[307,7069,6925],{"href":7070},"\u002Fcontent\u002Fstrait\u002Fhormuz\u002F","：",[307,7073,7074],{"href":6932},"ペルシャ（アラビア）湾","とオマーン湾の間：原油の輸送経路",[14,7077,7078,7071,7081,7083],{},[307,7079,6875],{"href":7080},"\u002Fcontent\u002Fstrait\u002Fgibraltar\u002F",[307,7082,2026],{"href":2142},"とモロッコの間，太平洋と地中海を結び，ヨーロッパとアジア・アフリカを繋ぐ",[14,7085,7086,7089],{},[307,7087,2753],{"href":7088},"\u002Fcontent\u002Fstrait\u002Fdover\u002F","：英仏の間，北海と大西洋を結ぶ",[51,7091,7092],{"id":7092},"特定海峡",[128,7094,7095],{},"日本では，原則領海の幅を12海里と定めているが，以下の海峡では，３海里に留めている．",[11,7097,7098,7101,7104,7107,7110],{},[14,7099,7100],{},"大隈海峡",[14,7102,7103],{},"対馬海峡東水道",[14,7105,7106],{},"対馬海峡西水道",[14,7108,7109],{},"宗谷海峡",[14,7111,7112],{},"津軽海峡",[377,7114,7115],{"id":7115},"目的",[11,7117,7118,7126],{},[14,7119,7120,7121],{},"海峡内に航行可能な領海（またはEEZ）が存在する場合が通過通行権が適用されず，沿岸部が広く開放される事態は避けることができる\n",[11,7122,7123],{},[14,7124,7125],{},"無害通航権：他国の領海内を航行する時，沿岸国の安全を害さず，国旗を掲げ，潜水艦は浮上しなければならない",[14,7127,7128],{},"非核三原則との兼ね合い：アメリカの軍艦が航行する余地を残すため，主権の及ばない公海を設けた",{"title":108,"searchDepth":109,"depth":109,"links":7130},[7131,7132,7135],{"id":7023,"depth":109,"text":7023},{"id":7037,"depth":109,"text":7037,"children":7133},[7134],{"id":7056,"depth":465,"text":7056},{"id":7092,"depth":109,"text":7092,"children":7136},[7137],{"id":7115,"depth":465,"text":7115},"用語","正式名称は「国際航行に使用されている海峡」．",{},"\u002Fdict\u002Fstrait\u002Finternational",{"title":6833,"description":7139},"dict\u002Fstrait\u002Finternational\u002Findex","B4LILLx5sv9-xqtYOWGYd92IMsZu6IAcKqenzEbl6Xc",{"id":7146,"title":7147,"body":7148,"category":3832,"description":7207,"draft":113,"extension":114,"meta":7208,"navigation":116,"path":7209,"seo":7210,"stem":7211,"__hash__":7212,"actualPath":7213},"dictionary\u002Fdict\u002Fstrait\u002Flombok\u002Findex.md","ロンボク海峡",{"type":8,"value":7149,"toc":7203},[7150,7155,7160,7164,7186,7190],[128,7151,7152,7153],{},"バリ島とロンボク島（インドネシア中部・小スンダ列島）の間にある",[307,7154,6833],{"href":6832},[5550,7156],{"lat":7157,"lon":7158,"zoom":7159},"-8.442","115.862","8",[51,7161,7163],{"id":7162},"_1-地形情報","1. 地形情報",[11,7165,7166,7169,7172],{},[14,7167,7168],{},"インド洋とバリ海を結ぶ",[14,7170,7171],{},"水深が深い（数百メートル超） → マラッカ海峡を通れない大型船の代替航路",[14,7173,7174,7177,7178,7181,7182,7185],{},[307,7175,6833],{"href":7176},"\u002Fcontent\u002Fstrait\u002Finternational\u002F","であるが，海峡周辺は全てインドネシアの領海・群島水域であるため，",[307,7179,7023],{"href":7180},"\u002Fcontent\u002Fstrait\u002Finternational\u002F#%E9%80%9A%E9%81%8E%E9%80%9A%E8%88%AA%E6%A8%A9","ではなく，",[307,7183,7037],{"href":7184},"\u002Fcontent\u002Fstrait\u002Finternational\u002F#%E7%BE%A4%E5%B3%B6%E8%88%AA%E8%B7%AF%E5%B8%AF%E9%80%9A%E8%88%AA%E6%A8%A9","が適用される",[51,7187,7189],{"id":7188},"_2-環境的役割","2. 環境的役割",[11,7191,7192],{},[14,7193,7194,7195],{},"ウォーレス線\n",[11,7196,7197,7200],{},[14,7198,7199],{},"水深が非常に深く，氷河期でも陸橋が形成されなかった",[14,7201,7202],{},"アジア系とオーストラリア系の動植物相を隔てる",{"title":108,"searchDepth":109,"depth":109,"links":7204},[7205,7206],{"id":7162,"depth":109,"text":7163},{"id":7188,"depth":109,"text":7189},"バリ島とロンボク島（インドネシア中部・小スンダ列島）の間にある国際海峡",{},"\u002Fdict\u002Fstrait\u002Flombok",{"title":7147,"description":7207},"dict\u002Fstrait\u002Flombok\u002Findex","EdUxdErIJK6v3wtRwwRbak5AKx19EDkes0bZC6yhPFY","\u002Fcontent\u002Fstrait\u002Flombok",{"id":7215,"title":7064,"body":7216,"category":3832,"description":7299,"draft":113,"extension":114,"meta":7300,"navigation":116,"path":7301,"seo":7302,"stem":7303,"__hash__":7304,"actualPath":7305},"dictionary\u002Fdict\u002Fstrait\u002Fmalacca\u002Findex.md",{"type":8,"value":7217,"toc":7295},[7218,7223,7227,7229,7242,7246],[128,7219,7220,7221,6883],{},"マレー半島とスマトラ島を隔てる，全長900kmの",[307,7222,6833],{"href":7176},[5550,7224],{"lat":7225,"lon":7226,"zoom":5554},"2.22","101.91",[51,7228,7163],{"id":7162},[11,7230,7231,7234],{},[14,7232,7233],{},"インド洋と南支那海を結ぶ最短経路",[14,7235,7236,7237],{},"最も狭い場所（シンガポール海峡付近のアラス海峡）は幅わずか2.8km\n",[11,7238,7239],{},[14,7240,7241],{},"過密，航行の難所",[51,7243,7245],{"id":7244},"_2-貿易","2. 貿易",[11,7247,7248,7251,7259,7270,7281],{},[14,7249,7250],{},"東アジア諸国が輸入する石油の大半が通る",[14,7252,7253,7254],{},"マラッカ王国（15cごろ繁栄）が海峡を支配，中継貿易拠点として繁栄\n",[11,7255,7256],{},[14,7257,7258],{},"ヨーロッパ列強による植民地争奪戦の舞台に",[14,7260,7261,7262],{},"シンガポールに近い\n",[11,7263,7264,7267],{},[14,7265,7266],{},"自由港のため輸入関税がかからない",[14,7268,7269],{},"物流のハブ",[14,7271,7272,7273],{},"海賊問題\n",[11,7274,7275,7278],{},[14,7276,7277],{},"狭い場所で速度を落とす船を狙う",[14,7279,7280],{},"周辺国が共同警備",[14,7282,7283,7284],{},"衝突・座礁リスク\n",[11,7285,7286,7289],{},[14,7287,7288],{},"水深が浅い場所がある",[14,7290,7291,7292,7294],{},"大型船は",[307,7293,7147],{"href":7213},"に迂回する場合がある",{"title":108,"searchDepth":109,"depth":109,"links":7296},[7297,7298],{"id":7162,"depth":109,"text":7163},{"id":7244,"depth":109,"text":7245},"マレー半島とスマトラ島を隔てる，全長900kmの国際海峡．",{},"\u002Fdict\u002Fstrait\u002Fmalacca",{"title":7064,"description":7299},"dict\u002Fstrait\u002Fmalacca\u002Findex","nseprJ6K0XdyOt6QFai-blDQX7Hxwr7VHDO2AQpJkCE","\u002Fcontent\u002Fstrait\u002Fmalacca",{"id":7307,"title":5586,"body":7308,"category":112,"description":108,"draft":113,"extension":114,"meta":7493,"navigation":116,"path":7494,"seo":7495,"stem":7496,"__hash__":7497,"actualPath":7498},"dictionary\u002Fdict\u002Fsu\u002Findex.md",{"type":8,"value":7309,"toc":7484},[7310,7312,7332,7334,7434,7438,7452,7454,7457,7465,7468],[51,7311,293],{"id":292},[11,7313,7314,7317,7320,7326,7329],{},[14,7315,7316],{},"正式名称：ソビエト社会主義共和国連邦",[14,7318,7319],{},"略称：ソ連",[14,7321,7322,7323,7325],{},"面積：2240万km",[24,7324,26],{},"［戦後］",[14,7327,7328],{},"人口：2億9304万人［1991］",[14,7330,7331],{},"1991年に崩壊",[51,7333,609],{"id":608},[11,7335,7336,7354,7357,7365,7382,7401,7412,7423,7426],{},[14,7337,7338,7339],{},"［1922］ロシア革命により，世界初の社会主義国として成立\n",[11,7340,7341,7344,7351],{},[14,7342,7343],{},"15の共和国からなる連邦国家",[14,7345,7346,7347,7350],{},"レーニンにより，マルクス主義の理論を具体的に発展させた，",[156,7348,7349],{},"マルクス・レーニン主義","を実施",[14,7352,7353],{},"プロレタリア独裁と，そのための前衛党を重視",[14,7355,7356],{},"［1924］最初の憲法が制定",[14,7358,7359,7360],{},"［1924］レーニン死去\n",[11,7361,7362],{},[14,7363,7364],{},"スターリンに政権を継がせてはならないと遺言していたという",[14,7366,7367,7368],{},"［1924］スターリンが政権を掌握\n",[11,7369,7370,7373,7376,7379],{},[14,7371,7372],{},"反対派の弾圧",[14,7374,7375],{},"計画経済の確立",[14,7377,7378],{},"人為的な飢饉",[14,7380,7381],{},"収容所制度の拡大",[14,7383,7384,7385],{},"第二次世界大戦\n",[11,7386,7387,7390,7393],{},[14,7388,7389],{},"ナチス・ドイツと不可侵条約を結ぶ",[14,7391,7392],{},"ポーランドなど東欧諸国に侵攻",[14,7394,7395,7396],{},"独ソ戦開始 → ソ連（赤軍）が勝利\n",[11,7397,7398],{},[14,7399,7400],{},"赤軍占領地域はのちソ連の衛星国となる",[14,7402,7403,7404],{},"［1953］スターリン死去，フルシチョフが政権を握る\n",[11,7405,7406,7409],{},[14,7407,7408],{},"非スターリン化",[14,7410,7411],{},"宇宙開発",[14,7413,7414,7415],{},"［80年代半ば］ゴルバチョフ指導の下，自由化の動きが高まる\n",[11,7416,7417,7420],{},[14,7418,7419],{},"ペレストロイカ：改革",[14,7421,7422],{},"グラスノスチ：情報公開",[14,7424,7425],{},"［1991］バルト三国が分離独立",[14,7427,7428,7429],{},"［1991年末］ソ連解体\n",[11,7430,7431],{},[14,7432,7433],{},"バルト三国以外の12ヶ国でCIS（独立国家共同体）を結成",[51,7435,7437],{"id":7436},"_3-農業集団的な農業","3. 農業：集団的な農業",[11,7439,7440,7443,7446,7449],{},[14,7441,7442],{},"コルホーズ：集団農場",[14,7444,7445],{},"ソフホーズ：国営農場",[14,7447,7448],{},"生産意欲の低下",[14,7450,7451],{},"干魃・冷害などで農業生産は不安定",[51,7453,805],{"id":804},[377,7455,7456],{"id":7456},"減量立地型",[11,7458,7459,7462],{},[14,7460,7461],{},"コンビナート方式：離れた地域の資源を鉄道やパイプラインで結びつけて工業化",[14,7463,7464],{},"コンプレックス：地域内で産出する資源を利用した工業化",[377,7466,7467],{"id":7467},"問題点",[11,7469,7470,7478,7481],{},[14,7471,7472,7473],{},"軍需物資の生産（重化学工業）に偏重\n",[11,7474,7475],{},[14,7476,7477],{},"生活物資の不足",[14,7479,7480],{},"先端技術産業などの立ち遅れ",[14,7482,7483],{},"環境破壊",{"title":108,"searchDepth":109,"depth":109,"links":7485},[7486,7487,7488,7489],{"id":292,"depth":109,"text":293},{"id":608,"depth":109,"text":609},{"id":7436,"depth":109,"text":7437},{"id":804,"depth":109,"text":805,"children":7490},[7491,7492],{"id":7456,"depth":465,"text":7456},{"id":7467,"depth":465,"text":7467},{},"\u002Fdict\u002Fsu",{"title":5586,"description":108},"dict\u002Fsu\u002Findex","HNSfd43YYUdL_hzk1m_rQeDRHsUeJkJt7k0SMHZekxQ","\u002Fcontent\u002Fsu",{"id":7500,"title":7501,"body":7502,"category":112,"description":108,"draft":113,"extension":114,"meta":7638,"navigation":116,"path":7639,"seo":7640,"stem":7641,"__hash__":7642,"actualPath":7643},"dictionary\u002Fdict\u002Ftw\u002Findex.md","中華民国（台湾）",{"type":8,"value":7503,"toc":7630},[7504,7506,7530,7532,7552,7556,7574,7577,7599,7602,7610,7613,7616],[51,7505,293],{"id":292},[11,7507,7508,7513,7516,7524,7527],{},[14,7509,7510,7511,27],{},"面積：3.6万km",[24,7512,26],{},[14,7514,7515],{},"人口：2,342万人［2023］",[14,7517,7518,7519],{},"GNI：7,795億USD［2020］\n",[11,7520,7521],{},[14,7522,7523],{},"一人当たり：33,365USD［2023］",[14,7525,7526],{},"中心都市：台北（事実上の首都）",[14,7528,7529],{},"通過：台湾ドル（TWD）",[51,7531,338],{"id":337},[11,7533,7534,7541,7549],{},[14,7535,7536,7540],{},[307,7537,7538],{"href":4941},[156,7539,124],{},"の一つ",[14,7542,7543,7544],{},"半導体・電子工業が発達\n",[11,7545,7546],{},[14,7547,7548],{},"TSMCなど",[14,7550,7551],{},"カオシュン（高雄）：最初に輸出加工区に指定された",[51,7553,7555],{"id":7554},"_3-中華人民共和国との関係","3. 中華人民共和国との関係",[11,7557,7558,7561,7564,7571],{},[14,7559,7560],{},"中国共産党による中国大陸支配後，国民政府が台湾に拠点を移し存続",[14,7562,7563],{},"憲法上中華人民共和国本土も中華民国領土（大陸地区）として扱われる",[14,7565,7566,7567,7570],{},"台湾島は",[156,7568,7569],{},"自由地区","などと呼ばれる",[14,7572,7573],{},"中国本土からの移民を原則受け入れていない",[377,7575,7576],{"id":7576},"アルバニア決議",[11,7578,7579,7587,7590,7593,7596],{},[14,7580,7581,7582],{},"中華人民共和国を国連における中国の唯一の正統な代表とし，それまで議席を持っていた中華民国（台湾）を国連から追放した決議\n",[11,7583,7584],{},[14,7585,7586],{},"台湾孤立の始まり",[14,7588,7589],{},"ソ連と国交断絶後，中華人民共和国と急接近したアルバニアの尽力による",[14,7591,7592],{},"当時の米中急接近の背景",[14,7594,7595],{},"圧倒的多数の賛成で可決（賛成76、反対35、棄権17）",[14,7597,7598],{},"「重要問題指定（追放に3分の2の賛成を必要とする）」などの対抗策は否決",[377,7600,7601],{"id":7601},"孤立問題",[11,7603,7604,7607],{},[14,7605,7606],{},"国連非加盟",[14,7608,7609],{},"中華人民共和国の「一つの中国」原則のため，中華民国（台湾）と正式な国交は結ばない国が多い（但し民間レベルでの交流は盛ん）",[646,7611,7612],{"id":7612},"中華民国と国交がある国",[128,7614,7615],{},"12カ国［2026］である．",[11,7617,7618,7621,7624,7627],{},[14,7619,7620],{},"バチカン市国（聖座）：中国共産党との対立",[14,7622,7623],{},"パラオ",[14,7625,7626],{},"ツバル",[14,7628,7629],{},"マーシャル諸島",{"title":108,"searchDepth":109,"depth":109,"links":7631},[7632,7633,7634],{"id":292,"depth":109,"text":293},{"id":337,"depth":109,"text":338},{"id":7554,"depth":109,"text":7555,"children":7635},[7636,7637],{"id":7576,"depth":465,"text":7576},{"id":7601,"depth":465,"text":7601},{},"\u002Fdict\u002Ftw",{"title":7501,"description":108},"dict\u002Ftw\u002Findex","BFSGBrUTl-2n6Y_Spb4rMZrgbnd3vOChsC2_67klqhk","\u002Fcontent\u002Ftw",{"id":7645,"title":4106,"body":7646,"category":112,"description":108,"draft":113,"extension":114,"meta":9146,"navigation":116,"path":9147,"seo":9148,"stem":9149,"__hash__":9150,"actualPath":9151},"dictionary\u002Fdict\u002Fus\u002Findex.md",{"type":8,"value":7647,"toc":9123},[7648,7650,7855,7857,7950,7954,7957,7970,7973,8009,8012,8050,8053,8072,8075,8083,8086,8091,8093,8096,8211,8213,8245,8248,8251,8281,8284,8315,8318,8342,8345,8351,8367,8370,8389,8392,8409,8412,8444,8448,8472,8476,8518,8522,8546,8549,8573,8576,8580,8594,8597,8613,8617,8619,8752,8755,8758,8788,8791,8796,8799,8812,8815,8819,8822,8830,8833,8836,8860,8863,8868,8870,8883,8886,8931,8934,8939,8942,8977,8981,9005,9008,9045,9047,9055,9058],[51,7649,293],{"id":292},[11,7651,7652,7655,7658,7666,7750,7849,7852],{},[14,7653,7654],{},"正式名称：アメリカ合衆国",[14,7656,7657],{},"略称：米国",[14,7659,7660,7661],{},"首都：ワシントンD.C.\n",[11,7662,7663],{},[14,7664,7665],{},"D.C. は，コロンビア特別区の略称",[14,7667,3852,7668],{},[3854,7669,7671,7699],{"className":7670},[3857],[3854,7672,7674],{"className":7673},[3861],[3863,7675,7676],{"xmlns":3865},[3867,7677,7678,7696],{},[3870,7679,7680,7683],{},[3873,7681,7682],{},"983.4",[3870,7684,7685,7688,7690],{},[5022,7686,7687],{},"万",[3887,7689,3890],{"mathvariant":3889},[3892,7691,7692,7694],{},[3887,7693,3896],{"mathvariant":3889},[3873,7695,26],{},[3900,7697,7698],{"encoding":3902},"983.4 \\mathrm{万km^2}",[3854,7700,7702],{"className":7701,"ariaHidden":3879},[3907],[3854,7703,7705,7708,7711],{"className":7704},[3911],[3854,7706],{"className":7707,"style":3962},[3915],[3854,7709,7682],{"className":7710},[3920],[3854,7712,7714,7718,7721],{"className":7713},[3920],[3854,7715,7687],{"className":7716},[3920,3939,7717],"cjk_fallback",[3854,7719,3890],{"className":7720},[3920,3939],[3854,7722,7724,7727],{"className":7723},[3920],[3854,7725,3896],{"className":7726},[3920,3939],[3854,7728,7730],{"className":7729},[3949],[3854,7731,7733],{"className":7732},[3953],[3854,7734,7736],{"className":7735},[3957],[3854,7737,7739],{"className":7738,"style":3962},[3961],[3854,7740,7741,7744],{"style":3965},[3854,7742],{"className":7743,"style":3970},[3969],[3854,7745,7747],{"className":7746},[3974,3975,3976,3977],[3854,7748,26],{"className":7749},[3920,3939,3977],[14,7751,7752,7753],{},"人口：33,491万人［2023］\n",[11,7754,7755,7758,7846],{},[14,7756,7757],{},"増加率：0.6%［2015-20］",[14,7759,7760,7761,3981],{},"人口密度：",[3854,7762,7764,7795],{"className":7763},[3857],[3854,7765,7767],{"className":7766},[3861],[3863,7768,7769],{"xmlns":3865},[3867,7770,7771,7792],{},[3870,7772,7773,7776],{},[3873,7774,7775],{},"34",[3870,7777,7778,7781,7784,7786],{},[5022,7779,7780],{},"人",[3887,7782,7783],{"mathvariant":3889},"\u002F",[3887,7785,3890],{"mathvariant":3889},[3892,7787,7788,7790],{},[3887,7789,3896],{"mathvariant":3889},[3873,7791,26],{},[3900,7793,7794],{"encoding":3902},"34 \\mathrm{人 \u002F km^2}",[3854,7796,7798],{"className":7797,"ariaHidden":3879},[3907],[3854,7799,7801,7804,7807],{"className":7800},[3911],[3854,7802],{"className":7803,"style":5047},[3915],[3854,7805,7775],{"className":7806},[3920],[3854,7808,7810,7813,7817],{"className":7809},[3920],[3854,7811,7780],{"className":7812},[3920,3939,7717],[3854,7814,7816],{"className":7815},[3920,3939],"\u002Fk",[3854,7818,7820,7823],{"className":7819},[3920],[3854,7821,3896],{"className":7822},[3920,3939],[3854,7824,7826],{"className":7825},[3949],[3854,7827,7829],{"className":7828},[3953],[3854,7830,7832],{"className":7831},[3957],[3854,7833,7835],{"className":7834,"style":3962},[3961],[3854,7836,7837,7840],{"style":3965},[3854,7838],{"className":7839,"style":3970},[3969],[3854,7841,7843],{"className":7842},[3974,3975,3976,3977],[3854,7844,26],{"className":7845},[3920,3939,3977],[14,7847,7848],{},"移民の出生率が高い",[14,7850,7851],{},"GDP：273,609億USD［2023］",[14,7853,7854],{},"GNI：268,945億USD／80,300USD\u002F人［2023］",[51,7856,609],{"id":608},[11,7858,7859,7875,7895,7915,7928,7936,7939,7947],{},[14,7860,7861,7862],{},"先住民（ネイティブアメリカン）：モンゴロイド\n",[11,7863,7864,7867],{},[14,7865,7866],{},"インディアン",[14,7868,7869,7870],{},"イヌイット（エスキモー）：北極海沿岸で，アザラシやトナカイの狩猟生活\n",[11,7871,7872],{},[14,7873,7874],{},"グリーンランド，アラスカ，カナダ，ロシア北部などに居住",[14,7876,7877,7878],{},"［16世紀前半］ヨーロッパからの移民が開始\n",[11,7879,7880,7885,7890],{},[14,7881,7882,7884],{},[307,7883,392],{"href":391},"人：北東（カナダ）から",[14,7886,7887,7889],{},[307,7888,640],{"href":1910},"人：東から",[14,7891,7892,7894],{},[307,7893,2026],{"href":2142},"人：南（メキシコ）から",[14,7896,7897,7898],{},"［1776］東部13州がイギリスから独立\n",[11,7899,7900,7903,7906,7909,7912],{},[14,7901,7902],{},"国旗の縞模様の数",[14,7904,7905],{},"その後，アパラチア山脈を超えて内陸へ",[14,7907,7908],{},"開拓前線（フロンティア）：西へ",[14,7910,7911],{},"英・仏・メキシコなどから領土の買収や併合を重ねる",[14,7913,7914],{},"［19c半ば］太平洋岸に到達",[14,7916,7917,7918],{},"［1785］公有地条例\n",[11,7919,7920],{},[14,7921,7922,7923],{},"タウンシップ制：アパラチア山脈以西\n",[11,7924,7925],{},[14,7926,7927],{},"公有地を碁盤の目上に区画",[14,7929,7930,7931],{},"［1862］ホームステッド法\n",[11,7932,7933],{},[14,7934,7935],{},"21歳以上の入植者の世帯主が５年間定住して耕作すれば，土地を無償で与える",[14,7937,7938],{},"［1867］アラスカをロシアから買収",[14,7940,7941,7942],{},"［1869］大陸横断鉄道 開通\n",[11,7943,7944],{},[14,7945,7946],{},"ネイティブアメリカンの迫害",[14,7948,7949],{},"［1898］ハワイを併合",[51,7951,7953],{"id":7952},"_3-民族と人種の問題","3. 民族と人種の問題",[377,7955,7956],{"id":7956},"人種のサラダボウル",[11,7958,7959,7962],{},[14,7960,7961],{},"多民族でありながら，各民族が混ざり合う（混血）ことなく共存する様子を表現",[14,7963,7964,7965],{},"セグリゲーション：民族や社会階層により居住地が分化\n",[11,7966,7967],{},[14,7968,7969],{},"特に大都市で",[377,7971,7972],{"id":7972},"白人",[11,7974,7975,7986],{},[14,7976,7977,7978],{},"WASP：White Anglo-Saxon Protestants\n",[11,7979,7980,7983],{},[14,7981,7982],{},"建国をになったイギリス系白人",[14,7984,7985],{},"政治・経済的に上層を占めてきた",[14,7987,7988,7989],{},"19世紀以降，ヨーロッパ各地から移民\n",[11,7990,7991,7996,8000],{},[14,7992,7993,7995],{},[307,7994,387],{"href":386},"系",[14,7997,7998,7995],{},[307,7999,640],{"href":1910},[14,8001,8002,8004,8005,8008],{},[307,8003,2245],{"href":2244},"系：",[307,8006,3452],{"href":8007},"\u002Fcontent\u002Fdict\u002Fie\u002Fgreat_famine\u002Findex.md","で移住",[377,8010,8011],{"id":8011},"黒人",[11,8013,8014,8017,8020,8028,8036],{},[14,8015,8016],{},"18世紀末より，南部の農園労働者として，アフリカから黒人奴隷が多く流入（奴隷貿易）",[14,8018,8019],{},"［1863，南北戦争後］奴隷解放",[14,8021,8022,8023],{},"［1964］公民権法\n",[11,8024,8025],{},[14,8026,8027],{},"法的には人種差別を撤廃",[14,8029,8030,8031],{},"南部の綿花地帯などに多い\n",[11,8032,8033],{},[14,8034,8035],{},"ミシシッピ川下流域からアパラチア山脈南部にかけて",[14,8037,8038,8039],{},"雇用が多い場所にも黒人居住者が多い\n",[11,8040,8041,8044,8047],{},[14,8042,8043],{},"五大湖周辺",[14,8045,8046],{},"メガロポリス",[14,8048,8049],{},"工業化が早かったので",[377,8051,8052],{"id":8052},"ヒスパニック",[11,8054,8055,8069],{},[14,8056,8057,8058],{},"スペイン語圏からの移住者\n",[11,8059,8060,8063,8066],{},[14,8061,8062],{},"メキシコ",[14,8064,8065],{},"キューバ",[14,8067,8068],{},"プエルトリコ",[14,8070,8071],{},"フロリダ州（カリブ海に面する）とメキシコに接する州に多い",[377,8073,8074],{"id":8074},"アジア系",[11,8076,8077,8080],{},[14,8078,8079],{},"20世紀後半，フィリピン・中国・ベトナム・インドなどから移住",[14,8081,8082],{},"カリフォルニア州，ハワイ州（日系・フィリピン系）に多い",[377,8084,8085],{"id":8085},"先住民",[11,8087,8088],{},[14,8089,8090],{},"インディアン居住地：ミシシッピ川以西に設けられた",[51,8092,4463],{"id":4462},[377,8094,8095],{"id":8095},"機械化された大規模経営",[11,8097,8098,8101,8197,8200],{},[14,8099,8100],{},"企業的",[14,8102,8103,8104,8149,8150],{},"農民一人当たり耕地面積が大きい： ",[3854,8105,8107,8129],{"className":8106},[3857],[3854,8108,8110],{"className":8109},[3861],[3863,8111,8112],{"xmlns":3865},[3867,8113,8114,8126],{},[3870,8115,8116,8119],{},[3873,8117,8118],{},"58.05",[3870,8120,8121,8124],{},[3887,8122,8123],{"mathvariant":3889},"h",[3887,8125,307],{"mathvariant":3889},[3900,8127,8128],{"encoding":3902},"58.05 \\mathrm{ha}",[3854,8130,8132],{"className":8131,"ariaHidden":3879},[3907],[3854,8133,8135,8139,8142],{"className":8134},[3911],[3854,8136],{"className":8137,"style":8138},[3915],"height:0.6944em;",[3854,8140,8118],{"className":8141},[3920],[3854,8143,8145],{"className":8144},[3920],[3854,8146,8148],{"className":8147},[3920,3939],"ha"," ［2022］\n",[11,8151,8152],{},[14,8153,8154,8155],{},"日本は ",[3854,8156,8158,8179],{"className":8157},[3857],[3854,8159,8161],{"className":8160},[3861],[3863,8162,8163],{"xmlns":3865},[3867,8164,8165,8176],{},[3870,8166,8167,8170],{},[3873,8168,8169],{},"1.81",[3870,8171,8172,8174],{},[3887,8173,8123],{"mathvariant":3889},[3887,8175,307],{"mathvariant":3889},[3900,8177,8178],{"encoding":3902},"1.81 \\mathrm{ha}",[3854,8180,8182],{"className":8181,"ariaHidden":3879},[3907],[3854,8183,8185,8188,8191],{"className":8184},[3911],[3854,8186],{"className":8187,"style":8138},[3915],[3854,8189,8169],{"className":8190},[3920],[3854,8192,8194],{"className":8193},[3920],[3854,8195,8148],{"className":8196},[3920,3939],[14,8198,8199],{},"開拓を担った家族経営は減少",[14,8201,8202,8203],{},"穀物メジャー：カーギルなど，穀物の集荷・貯蔵・運搬などを行う民間企業\n",[11,8204,8205,8208],{},[14,8206,8207],{},"アグリビジネス：農業関連産業",[14,8209,8210],{},"農家への支配",[377,8212,7467],{"id":7467},[11,8214,8215,8226,8242],{},[14,8216,8217,8218],{},"過剰耕作による土壌侵食\n",[11,8219,8220,8223],{},[14,8221,8222],{},"ダストボウル・Black Blizzard",[14,8224,8225],{},"等高線耕作で対策",[14,8227,8228,8229],{},"センターピボット灌漑：オガララ帯水層を利用\n",[11,8230,8231],{},[14,8232,8233,8234],{},"過剰揚水による地下水の枯渇\n",[11,8235,8236,8239],{},[14,8237,8238],{},"地盤沈下",[14,8240,8241],{},"塩害",[14,8243,8244],{},"遺伝子組み換え作物",[377,8246,8247],{"id":8247},"農産物",[128,8249,8250],{},"統計は2024〜25年",[11,8252,8253,8267],{},[14,8254,8255,8256],{},"小麦：生産４位\n",[11,8257,8258,8261,8264],{},[14,8259,8260],{},"ノースダコタ州",[14,8262,8263],{},"カンザス州",[14,8265,8266],{},"モンタナ州",[14,8268,8269,8270],{},"綿花：生産４位\n",[11,8271,8272,8275,8278],{},[14,8273,8274],{},"テキサス州",[14,8276,8277],{},"ジョージア州",[14,8279,8280],{},"アーカンソー州",[646,8282,8283],{"id":8283},"飼料作物",[11,8285,8286,8303],{},[14,8287,8288,8289],{},"とうもろこし：生産１位，世界シェア33%\n",[11,8290,8291,8294,8297,8300],{},[14,8292,8293],{},"アイオワ州",[14,8295,8296],{},"イリノイ州",[14,8298,8299],{},"ネブラスカ州",[14,8301,8302],{},"近年増加中：バイオ燃料への利用",[14,8304,8305,8306],{},"大豆：生産２位（１位はブラジル）\n",[11,8307,8308,8310,8312],{},[14,8309,8296],{},[14,8311,8293],{},[14,8313,8314],{},"ミネソタ州",[646,8316,8317],{"id":8317},"畜産物",[11,8319,8320,8331],{},[14,8321,8322,8323],{},"牛肉：生産２位（１位はブラジル，僅差）\n",[11,8324,8325,8327,8329],{},[14,8326,8274],{},[14,8328,8299],{},[14,8330,8263],{},[14,8332,8333,8334],{},"豚肉：生産２位（１位は中国）\n",[11,8335,8336,8338,8340],{},[14,8337,8293],{},[14,8339,8314],{},[14,8341,8263],{},[377,8343,8344],{"id":8344},"農業地域",[128,8346,8347],{},[6176,8348],{"alt":8349,"src":8350},"農業地域地図（Geminiで作成）","\u002Fpublic\u002FcontentImg\u002Fus\u002FGemini_Generated_AgricultureMap.png",[11,8352,8353,8364],{},[14,8354,8355,8356],{},"年降水量500mmの統降水量線：西経100度線付近\n",[11,8357,8358,8361],{},[14,8359,8360],{},"畑作と牧畜の境界",[14,8362,8363],{},"小麦の生産地",[14,8365,8366],{},"適地適作の傾向",[646,8368,8369],{"id":8369},"酪農地域",[11,8371,8372,8380,8383,8386],{},[14,8373,8374,8375],{},"五大湖周辺〜ニューイングランド地方\n",[11,8376,8377],{},[14,8378,8379],{},"ウィスコンシン州",[14,8381,8382],{},"冷涼な気候",[14,8384,8385],{},"氷食を受けた痩せ地",[14,8387,8388],{},"大都市への近さ",[646,8390,8391],{"id":8391},"春小麦地帯",[11,8393,8394,8401,8404,8407],{},[14,8395,8396,8397],{},"プレーリー北西部\n",[11,8398,8399],{},[14,8400,8260],{},[14,8402,8403],{},"年降水量500mm前後",[14,8405,8406],{},"冷涼",[14,8408,8100],{},[646,8410,8411],{"id":8411},"冬小麦地帯",[11,8413,8414,8421,8429,8431,8434,8436],{},[14,8415,8416,8417],{},"プレーリー中央部\n",[11,8418,8419],{},[14,8420,8263],{},[14,8422,8423,8424],{},"コロンビア盆地\n",[11,8425,8426],{},[14,8427,8428],{},"ワシントン州",[14,8430,8403],{},[14,8432,8433],{},"温暖",[14,8435,8100],{},[14,8437,8438,8439],{},"CVA（総合開発）でで栽培拡大\n",[11,8440,8441],{},[14,8442,8443],{},"コロンビア側流域",[646,8445,8447],{"id":8446},"コーンベルトとうもろこし地帯","コーンベルト（とうもろこし地帯）",[11,8449,8450,8459],{},[14,8451,8452,8453],{},"五大湖南側のプレーリー\n",[11,8454,8455,8457],{},[14,8456,8293],{},[14,8458,8296],{},[14,8460,1721,8461],{},[11,8462,8463,8466,8469],{},[14,8464,8465],{},"とうもろこし，大豆 → 資料用",[14,8467,8468],{},"豚，肉牛などを飼育",[14,8470,8471],{},"近年は西部へ",[646,8473,8475],{"id":8474},"コットンベルト綿花地帯","コットンベルト（綿花地帯）",[11,8477,8478,8488,8499,8510],{},[14,8479,2768,8480],{},[11,8481,8482,8485],{},[14,8483,8484],{},"無霜期間200日が北限",[14,8486,8487],{},"ジョージア州〜ルイジアナ州",[14,8489,8490,8491],{},"プランテーション農業から発展\n",[11,8492,8493,8496],{},[14,8494,8495],{},"温暖な気候",[14,8497,8498],{},"かつて黒人奴隷を利用",[14,8500,8501,8502],{},"近年は作物の多角化\n",[11,8503,8504,8507],{},[14,8505,8506],{},"連作障害",[14,8508,8509],{},"土壌侵食",[14,8511,8512,8513],{},"栽培の中心は西へ\n",[11,8514,8515],{},[14,8516,8517],{},"テキサス州，カリフォルニア州など → 灌漑農業",[646,8519,8521],{"id":8520},"放牧灌漑農業地帯","放牧・灌漑農業地帯",[11,8523,8524,8532,8535,8538],{},[14,8525,8526,8527],{},"西経100度以西\n",[11,8528,8529],{},[14,8530,8531],{},"グレートプレーンズ〜グレートベーズン",[14,8533,8534],{},"大規模経営による肉牛の牧畜",[14,8536,8537],{},"出荷前はフィードロットで肥育",[14,8539,8540,8541],{},"飼料用にとうもろこしなどなど栽培\n",[11,8542,8543],{},[14,8544,8545],{},"センターピボット灌漑",[646,8547,8548],{"id":8548},"地中海農業地帯",[11,8550,8551,8559,8570],{},[14,8552,8553,8554],{},"カリフォルニア州\n",[11,8555,8556],{},[14,8557,8558],{},"セントラルヴァレーを中心",[14,8560,8561,8562],{},"雪解け水による灌漑\n",[11,8563,8564,8567],{},[14,8565,8566],{},"果樹，野菜などの栽培",[14,8568,8569],{},"稲作",[14,8571,8572],{},"メキシコ人労働者",[646,8574,8575],{"id":8575},"園芸農業",[8577,8578,8579],"h5",{"id":8579},"近郊農業",[11,8581,8582,8585,8588,8591],{},[14,8583,8584],{},"メガロポリス周辺",[14,8586,8587],{},"都市居住者向け",[14,8589,8590],{},"集約的",[14,8592,8593],{},"野菜・花卉の栽培",[8577,8595,8596],{"id":8596},"輸送園芸農業",[11,8598,8599,8602,8605],{},[14,8600,8601],{},"フロリダ州〜メキシコ湾岸",[14,8603,8604],{},"温暖な気候を利用",[14,8606,8607,8608],{},"大都市向けの野菜を生産\n",[11,8609,8610],{},[14,8611,8612],{},"輸送手段の発達による",[51,8614,8616],{"id":8615},"_5-鉱工業","5. 鉱工業",[377,8618,3604],{"id":3604},[11,8620,8621,8659,8662,8665,8710,8713],{},[14,8622,8623,8624],{},"［18世紀末〜］産業革命\n",[11,8625,8626,8634,8648],{},[14,8627,8628,8629],{},"サミュエル・スレーター：「アメリカ産業革命の父」\n",[11,8630,8631],{},[14,8632,8633],{},"イギリスの紡績技術を記憶を頼りにアメリカで再現",[14,8635,8636,8637],{},"北東部の工業化\n",[11,8638,8639,8642,8645],{},[14,8640,8641],{},"豊かな水力と労働力",[14,8643,8644],{},"ボストン・マサチューセッツ州",[14,8646,8647],{},"南部の滝線都市へ",[14,8649,8650,8651],{},"互換性部品方式\n",[11,8652,8653,8656],{},[14,8654,8655],{},"銃器製造における部品の規格化",[14,8657,8658],{},"のち大量生産へ",[14,8660,8661],{},"［1860年代］南北戦争，重化学工業への転換",[14,8663,8664],{},"［1869］大陸横断鉄道開通",[14,8666,8667,8668],{},"製造業ベルトの発達（五大湖沿岸）\n",[11,8669,8670,8684,8687,8690,8693],{},[14,8671,8672,8673],{},"豊富な資源\n",[11,8674,8675,8678,8681],{},[14,8676,8677],{},"アパラチア炭田",[14,8679,8680],{},"メサビ鉄山",[14,8682,8683],{},"五大湖の水運",[14,8685,8686],{},"ピッツバーグ：鉄鋼",[14,8688,8689],{},"デトロイト：機械",[14,8691,8692],{},"世界最大の重工業地帯へ",[14,8694,8695,8696],{},"［1970年以降］衰退，ラストベルト（フロストベルト）と呼ばれる\n",[11,8697,8698,8701,8704,8707],{},[14,8699,8700],{},"アジア新興国の台頭",[14,8702,8703],{},"賃金高騰",[14,8705,8706],{},"資源の劣化・枯渇",[14,8708,8709],{},"設備の老朽化",[14,8711,8712],{},"［1960年代］エネルギー革命",[14,8714,8715,8716],{},"［1970年代］サンベルトの台頭\n",[11,8717,8718,8721,8723,8726,8729,8737,8745,8747,8750],{},[14,8719,8720],{},"北緯37度以南",[14,8722,8495],{},[14,8724,8725],{},"原油・天然ガス産出",[14,8727,8728],{},"安価な工業用地",[14,8730,8731,8732],{},"低賃金労働力\n",[11,8733,8734],{},[14,8735,8736],{},"ヒスパニック（移民）",[14,8738,8739,8740],{},"州政府・連邦政府の誘致政策\n",[11,8741,8742],{},[14,8743,8744],{},"カリフォルニア・テキサスなど",[14,8746,2792],{},[14,8748,8749],{},"航空宇宙産業",[14,8751,6630],{},[377,8753,8754],{"id":8754},"鉱産資源",[646,8756,8757],{"id":8757},"原油",[11,8759,8760,8763,8766,8769,8777],{},[14,8761,8762],{},"世界生産１位［2022］",[14,8764,8765],{},"メキシコ湾岸",[14,8767,8768],{},"カリフォルニア州",[14,8770,8771,8772],{},"プルドーベイ油田\n",[11,8773,8774],{},[14,8775,8776],{},"アネクメーネ中のエクメーネ：北極海沿岸の厳しい環境",[14,8778,8779,8780],{},"シェールオイル：超軽質原油\n",[11,8781,8782,8785],{},[14,8783,8784],{},"重質重油（サウジアラビア，ベネズエラなどから輸入）とのブレンド",[14,8786,8787],{},"環境への影響の懸念",[646,8789,8790],{"id":8790},"天然ガス",[11,8792,8793],{},[14,8794,8795],{},"世界生産１位［2023］",[646,8797,8798],{"id":8798},"石炭",[11,8800,8801,8804,8806,8809],{},[14,8802,8803],{},"世界生産６位［2021］",[14,8805,8677],{},[14,8807,8808],{},"イリノイ炭田",[14,8810,8811],{},"ワイオミング州：近年増加",[646,8813,8814],{"id":8814},"鉄鉱石",[11,8816,8817],{},[14,8818,8680],{},[646,8820,8821],{"id":8821},"銅鉱",[11,8823,8824,8827],{},[14,8825,8826],{},"ビンガム",[14,8828,8829],{},"ビュート",[377,8831,8832],{"id":8832},"工業地域",[646,8834,8835],{"id":8835},"ニューイングランド地方",[11,8837,8838,8846],{},[14,8839,8840,8841],{},"アメリカ産業発祥の地\n",[11,8842,8843],{},[14,8844,8845],{},"市場立地型の綿工業から始まる",[14,8847,8848,8849],{},"エレクトロニクスハイウェー\n",[11,8850,8851,8854,8857],{},[14,8852,8853],{},"ボストン周辺",[14,8855,8856],{},"大学・研究機関の集積",[14,8858,8859],{},"先端技術産業が発達",[8577,8861,8862],{"id":8862},"都市",[11,8864,8865],{},[14,8866,8867],{},"ボストン：エレクトロニクス産業",[646,8869,8043],{"id":8043},[11,8871,8872,8875,8877,8880],{},[14,8873,8874],{},"アパラチア炭田，メサビ鉄山",[14,8876,8683],{},[14,8878,8879],{},"ラストベルト（フロストベルト）：産業構造転換の遅れ",[14,8881,8882],{},"近年先端技術産業が集積",[8577,8884,8862],{"id":8885},"都市-1",[11,8887,8888,8898,8909],{},[14,8889,8890,8891],{},"ピッツバーグ\n",[11,8892,8893,8895],{},[14,8894,2781],{},[14,8896,8897],{},"近年ハイテク産業も",[14,8899,8900,8901],{},"デトロイト\n",[11,8902,8903,8906],{},[14,8904,8905],{},"自動車工業",[14,8907,8908],{},"近年衰退，貧困率上昇",[14,8910,8911,8912],{},"シカゴ\n",[11,8913,8914,8917],{},[14,8915,8916],{},"第三の都市",[14,8918,8919,8920],{},"アグリビジネス\n",[11,8921,8922,8925,8928],{},[14,8923,8924],{},"農産物の集散地",[14,8926,8927],{},"食品工業",[14,8929,8930],{},"農業機械工業",[646,8932,8933],{"id":8933},"大西洋岸",[11,8935,8936],{},[14,8937,8938],{},"大消費地メガロポリスを背景に発達",[8577,8940,8862],{"id":8941},"都市-2",[11,8943,8944,8961,8974],{},[14,8945,8946,8947],{},"ニューヨーク\n",[11,8948,8949,8955,8958],{},[14,8950,8951,8954],{},[307,8952,3303],{"href":8953},"\u002Fcontent\u002Fdict\u002Fgb\u002Findex.md#%E3%83%AD%E3%83%B3%E3%83%89%E3%83%B3","・マカオと共に国際金融の中心",[14,8956,8957],{},"総合工業地域",[14,8959,8960],{},"出版・印刷業",[14,8962,8963,8964],{},"ボルティモア\n",[11,8965,8966],{},[14,8967,8968,8969],{},"臨海立地の鉄鋼業\n",[11,8970,8971],{},[14,8972,8973],{},"郊外スパローズポイントの鉄鋼所は閉鎖",[14,8975,8976],{},"フィラデルフィア：旧首都",[646,8978,8980],{"id":8979},"サンベルト南部","サンベルト（南部）",[11,8982,8983,8986,8989],{},[14,8984,8985],{},"戦前は，アトランタなど滝線都市で綿工業が発達",[14,8987,8988],{},"メキシコ湾岸の原油で発達",[14,8990,8991,8992],{},"エレクトロニクスベルト\n",[11,8993,8994,9002],{},[14,8995,8996,8997],{},"フロリダ半島中部\n",[11,8998,8999],{},[14,9000,9001],{},"オーランドなど",[14,9003,9004],{},"近年成長",[8577,9006,8862],{"id":9007},"都市-3",[11,9009,9010,9021,9032],{},[14,9011,9012,9013],{},"ヒューストン\n",[11,9014,9015,9018],{},[14,9016,9017],{},"石油化学",[14,9019,9020],{},"航空宇宙",[14,9022,9023,9024],{},"ダラス\n",[11,9025,9026,9029],{},[14,9027,9028],{},"近隣フォートワースと共に先端技術産業が発達",[14,9030,9031],{},"シリコンプレーンとよばれる",[14,9033,9034,9035],{},"ニューオーリンズ\n",[11,9036,9037,9040,9043],{},[14,9038,9039],{},"ミシシッピ川河口",[14,9041,9042],{},"農産物の輸出港",[14,9044,2792],{},[646,9046,883],{"id":883},[11,9048,9049,9052],{},[14,9050,9051],{},"南部：カリフォルニア油田 → 石油化学工業が発達",[14,9053,9054],{},"ワシントン州：森林資源 → 製材，製紙・パルプ工業",[8577,9056,8862],{"id":9057},"都市-4",[11,9059,9060,9071,9089,9102,9117,9120],{},[14,9061,9062,9063],{},"シアトル\n",[11,9064,9065,9068],{},[14,9066,9067],{},"航空機産業：ボーイング，民間機",[14,9069,9070],{},"木材・製紙",[14,9072,9073,9074],{},"ロサンゼルス：第二の都市\n",[11,9075,9076,9078,9081],{},[14,9077,2792],{},[14,9079,9080],{},"航空機工業：ダグラス → 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